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THSS341001622010/4301PrinciplesofCompilation王朝坤IISE@TsinghuaTHSS341001622010/4301Chap.1IntroductionChaokunWangIISE@TsinghuaOutlineTHSS341001622010/4301•What–什么是编译和编译器•Why•CourseInfo.•PL–编译与解释的区别和联系•History•Contents•编译各阶段的内容31.1Computer&SoftwareTHSS341001622010/43014CloudComputingTHSS341001622010/4301•PigLatin–PigLatinisadataflowlanguageratherthanproceduralordeclarative.–Usercodeandexistingbinariescanbeincludedalmostanywhere.–Metadatanotrequired,butusedwhenavailable.–Supportfornestedtypes.–OperatesonfilesinHDFS.5THSS341001622010/43016软件开发THSS341001622010/4301•程序开发工具??•如何从编辑器中的文本到可执行程序的??7Alanguage-processingsystemTHSS341001622010/43018Whatis…THSS341001622010/4301•Compilation（编译）–Compilationistheprocesswherebyonecomputerlanguageistranslatedintoanother(usuallysimplerandmorelow-leveli.e.machineorientated)language–Traditionally,programsinahigh-levelcomputerlanguage(e.g.Pascal,C,Lisp)arecompiledintoassemblylanguage(essentiallymachinecode)•Compiler（编译器）–Theprogramthatdoesthetranslationisknownasacompiler.9CompilersTHSS341001622010/4301•Simplystated,acompilerisaprogramthatreadsaprogramwritteninonelanguage—thesourcelanguage—andtranslateitintoanequivalentprograminanotherlanguage—thetargetlanguage.Asanimportantpartofthistranslationprocess,thecompilerreportstoitsuserthepresenceoferrorsinthesourceprogram.10PreprocessorsTHSS341001622010/4301•Preprocessorsproduceinputtocompilers.Theymayperformthefollowingfunctions.•Macroinclusion.•Fileinclusion.•“Rational”preprocessors.•Languageextensions.11AssemblersTHSS341001622010/4301•Somecompilersproduceassemblycodethatispassedtoanassemblerforfurtherprocessing.•Othercompilersperformthejoboftheassembler,producingrelocatablemachinecodethatcanbepasseddirectlytotheloader/link-editor.•Therelationshipbetweenassemblyandmachinecode–Assemblycodeismnemonicversionofmachinecode,–namesareusedinsteadofbinarycodesforope
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