PointofViewPointofView观点----Theangle/perspectivefromwhichthestoryistold.Narrator叙述者/Storyteller----Thecharacter/voicethattellsthestory.Pointofviewdependsontwofactors:--–Physicalsituationofthenarratorasanobserver;--–Speaker’sintellectualandemotionalposition.观点----有些东西能为我所见，有些东西则不能。在事件中，没有一个人能说出全貌，却都提供了别人所缺少的部分。作者的任务是找出最适合于他要述说之故事的观点。KindsofPointofView①Third-PersonPointofViewOmniscient(all-knowing)----Withthispointofview,an“all-knowing”narratorfirmlyimposeshispresencebetweenthereaderandthestory,andretainscompletecontroloverthenarrative.----Thenarratorisnotacharacterinthestorybutcantellyouthethoughtsandactionsofallcharactersatalltimes.(Pronouns:he,she,him,her,they,them,etc.)Advantage----Theflexibilitygivenbythe“all-knowing”narratorcandirectthereader’sattentionandcontrolthesourcesofinformation.②Third-PersonPointofViewLimited(limitedtoonecharacter’sthought)----Withthispointofview,thenarratorlimitshisabilitytopenetratethemindsofcharactersbyselectingasinglecharactertoactasthecenterofrevelation.③DramaticPointofView(strictlyreporting)----Inthispointofview,thenarratordisappearscompletelyandthestoryisallowedtopresentitselfdramaticallythroughactionanddialogue.Advantage----Withthedisappearanceofthenarrator,tellingisreplacedbyshowing,andtheillusioniscreatedthatthereaderisadirectandimmediatelywitnesstoanunfoldingdrama.2.First-PersonPointofView(NarratorasParticipant)----Inthispointofview,thenarratorappearsinthenovelas“I”or“me”andsharesthelimitationsofthirdpersonlimited.①NarratorasMajorCharacter;②NarratorasMinorCharacter.Advantage----Byassumingtheidentityas“I”,thenarratorendearshimselftothereaderwhilehehastosacrificetheprivilegeofomniscience.----Thenarratorstandsinsidethestoryandrelatesfirsthandexperience,whichcancreateafeelingofintimacy.AnalyzingNarrator2.Isthenarratoraparticipatingcharacter,oristhenarratortellingthestoryfromanomniscientpointofview?3.Isthenarratornaïve?Thereadercanseethatthenarrator’sbackgroundlimitshis/herabilitytounderstandas