情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s清辅音后/s/；浊辅音和元音后读/z/map–maps地图bag-bags书包/袋子car–cars小汽车book-books书apple-apples苹果pen-pens钢笔bird-birds鸟tree-trees树girl-girls女孩以s,x,ch,sh等结尾的词加-es-es读/iz/bus–buses公共汽车class-classes课box–boxes盒子watch-watches手表brush-brushes刷子dish-dishes盘子/一碟菜以-f或-fe结尾的名词多数将-f和-fe变v加-es-ves读/vz/wife-wives妻子leaf–leaves树叶shelf-shelves架子knife-knives小刀wolf-wolves狼thief–thieves贼/小偷half-halves半life–lives生命记忆口诀：妻子用树架小刀将贼和狼劈成2半结束它们的生命以元音字母+y结尾的名词(a,e,i,o,u)直接加-s-s读/z/boy-boys男孩day-days天monkey–monkeys猴子holiday-holidays假日toy-toys玩具key-keys钥匙/答案记忆口诀：男孩和猴子天天在节假日玩玩具和钥匙以辅音字母+y结尾的非专有名词a,e,i,o,u变y为i再加es-s读/z/baby—babies婴儿/宝贝story—stories故事factory-factories工厂city-cities城市library-libraries图书馆family-families家庭hobby-hobbies业余爱好以辅音字母+0结尾的名词一般加-es-es读/z/Negro-Negroes黑人hero—heroes英雄tomato–tomatoes西红柿potato–potatoes土豆mango-mangoes芒果记忆口诀：黑人英雄喜欢吃西红柿，土豆还有芒果以元音字母+0结尾的以及外来名词加-s-s读/z/zoo-zoos动物园photo-photos照片kangaroo-kangaroos袋鼠bamboo–bamboos竹子radio–radios收音机piano-pianos钢琴记忆口诀：（动物园）（照片）中的（袋鼠）可以用（竹子）听（收音机）和弹（钢琴）单复数同形名词保持不变当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如Thereare56peoplesinChina.deer-deer鹿sheep-sheep绵羊fish-fish鱼people-people人/人们Chinese-Chinese中国人English英国人Japanese-Japanese日本Swiss瑞士人Vietnamese-Vietnamese越南人Lebanese黎巴嫩人Portuguese葡萄牙人记忆口诀：草原上吃草两种动物：鹿和绵羊水里游的鱼；中日英三国家人；越，瑞，葡，黎4四国家人表示某国人名词的复数直接加shuman-humans(人，人类)German-Germans（德国人）Russian-Russian（俄罗斯人）Italian-Italians（意大利人）American-Americans（美国人）Indian-Indians（印度人）Canadian-Canadians(加拿大)Swede-Swedes(瑞典人)Australian-Australians（澳大）记忆口诀：人类/德国俄，美，意，印，加，瑞复数加S无连字号复合名词以后面名词变复数规律保持一致mooncake-mooncakes月饼bookcase-bookcases（书橱）armchair-armchairs（轮椅）toothpick-toothpicks（牙签）housewife-housewives(家庭主妇)gentleman-gentlemen绅士blackboard-blackboards黑板bookshelf-bookshelves（书架）birthday-birthdays(生日)stopwatch-stopwatches(秒表)wineglass-wineglasses(酒杯)greenhouse-greenhouses(温室)policeman-policemen,（警察）policewoman-policewomen,（女警察）第一个名词是man,woman的复合名词两者都要变复数manteacher-menteachers（男老师）womandoctor---womendoctors（女医生）男人/女人做定语修饰名词，两者都需要变复数以f,fe结尾特殊名词直接在词尾加sroof-roofs（屋顶）chief—chiefs(首领)serf—s