THE LITERATURE OF COLONIAL AMERICA AND REVOLUTION.doc
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THE LITERATURE OF COLONIAL AMERICA AND REVOLUTION.doc

THELITERATUREOFCOLONIALAMERICAANDREVOLUTION.doc

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PartITheLiteratureofColonialAmericaandRevolution(1607-endofthe18thcentury)Puritanthoughts:oppositiontopleasure(self-examination,self-improvement),hard-working---BenjaminFranklin:TheAutobiography---JonathanEdwardsPartIITheLiteratureofRomanticism(1800-1865)WashingtonIrving---firstgreatprosestylistofAmericanRomanticism(TheSketchBook)---RipVanWinkle---TheLegendofSleepyHollowJamesFenimoreCooper---firstimportantAmericannovelist(LeatherstockingTales),westwardmovementCulmination---“NewEnglandTranscendentalism”or“AmericanRenaissance”RalphWaldoEmerson---bringingTranscendentalismtoAmerica1836,Nature(ManifestoofAmericanTranscendentalism)---beginningofTranscendentalismHenryDavidThoreau---puttingmanyEmerson’stheoryintopractice(Walden)Failurefirst,successfulinthe20thcenturyNathanielHawthorne---famousforadvancingtheartoftheshortstoryTheScarletLetterGeneraltheme:evilandsinHester,Dimmesdale,ChillingworthHermanMelville---againsttheoptimisticviewofhistime(MobyDick):littleresponse,famousuntilthe20thcentury,anencyclopediaofeverythingWaltWhitman---AtransitionalpoetfromRomanticismtoRealism(LeavesofGrass)---famousuntilthe5thedition---democraticthoughts“SongofMyself”“WhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom’d”“OCaptainMyCaptain!”Influenceonmodernpoetry:freeverseEmilyDickinson---anoriginalpoetSubjectandtheme:(almost1/3)deathandimmortality“Mylifeclosedtwicebeforeitsclose”“BecauseIcouldnotstopfordeath”“IheardaFlyBuzz-WhenIdied”Writingstyle:emotional,original,fulloffreshimages,precursortotheImagistmovementPartIITheLiteratureofRomanticism(1800-1865)EdgarAllenPoe---fatherofpsychoanalyticcriticism,fatherofdetectivestory,greatimpactonEuropeanwritersPoem(melancholy):“TheRaven”“ToHelen”“AnnabelLee”Shortstory(horrible):TheFalloftheHouseoftheUsherPartIIITheLiteratureofRealism(1865-1918)Threemostimportantrealist1WilliamDeanHowells---powerfulcriticalwriting2MarkTwain:localismandcolloquialstyleTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnslavery,questforfreedomHuck,Jim3HenryJames: