摘要超宽带天线广泛应用于如电视、调频广播、遥测技术、宇航和卫星通信等领域中。尤其是近年来兴起的超宽带无线通信技术，使此类天线成为当今通信领域的研究焦点。本文设计并研究了两种类型的超宽带天线，一种是带两个对称臂的矩形平面单极子天线，另一种是弯折结构的平面单极子天线。所研究的第一种天线实现了在工作频率范围内回波损耗都在-10dB以下，基本满足了超宽带通信的要求，天线的工作频带是2.7-9GHz。回波损耗与频率的关系曲线产生两个低峰值，特别适合于双频带通信使用。文中研究了通过改变切口尺寸、介质损耗对低峰值频率位置的影响关系，还讨论了端口大小对仿真准确度的影响，得到系列结论。所研究的第二种天线实现了真正意义上超宽带天线，天线结构简单，易于构建，小尺寸、低剖面，能够在回波损耗小于-10dB条件下有效地工作在2.8~9.5GHz的频率范围。天线采用热转印法自制了实验模型，并通过矢量网络分析仪测量了回波损耗与频率的关系曲线，测量结果与仿真结构基本吻合。两种天线的研究还包含了增益和方向图等，从而对天线性能进行了全面分析。关键词:超宽带天线；单极子天线；有限元法；电磁仿真；热转印法AbstractUWBantennaiswidelyusedintelevision,FMradio,telemetry,aerospaceandsatellitecommunicationsfields.Inparticular,withtheriseofultra-widebandwirelesscommunicationstechnologyinrecentyears,makingsuchantennasbecomethefocusofcommunicationresearchfield.Thispaperstudiestwotypesofultra-widebandantenna,oneisasymmetricplanarmonopoleantennawithtwosymmetricalrectangularincision,theotherisbentplanarmonopoleantennastructure.ThefirstdesignedantennacansatisfythedemandofUWBcommunicationthattheReturnLossoftheantennainthescopeofworkingfrequency,whichisbetween2.7-9GHz,isbelow-10dB.Returnlossvs.frequencycurvesgeneratedtwolowpeaks,whichisparticularlysuitablefordual-bandcommunications.Astudyoftheincisionbychangingthesizeofthelowdielectriclosspeakfrequencypositionoftherelationshipbetweenportsizealsodiscussedtheimpactonsimulationaccuracy,getseriesconclusion.Thestudyofthesecondantennatoachieveatrulyultra-widebandantenna,theantennastructureissimple,easytobuild,smallsize,lowprofile,canbelessthan-10dBreturnlossundertheconditionsofeffectiveworkinthe2.8~9.5GHzfrequencyrange.Antennamadebyheattransfermethodoftheexperimentalmodel,andvectornetworkanalyzerbymeasuringthereturnlossversusfrequencycurve,themeasurementresultsandsimulationofstructureofthebasicagreement.HYPERLINK"http://dict.cnki.net/dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e7%83%ad%e8%bd%ac%e5%8d%b0%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af&tjType=sentence&style=&t=thermal+transfer+printing+technology"thermaltransferprintingtechnologyThestudyalsoincludestwoantennag