不同施氮量和基追比对豫北高产麦田花后氮代谢、产量及土壤硝态氮的影响的开题报告摘要豫北地区是我国重要的冬麦种植区，施氮和基追是促进冬麦生长和增产的重要措施。本研究以豫北高产麦田为研究对象，研究不同施氮量和基追比对花后氮代谢、产量及土壤硝态氮的影响。结果表明，施氮量对麦田氮代谢和产量有显著影响，适宜的施氮量能够提高麦田产量和品质，但过量施氮会导致土壤硝态氮过高和麦田品质下降。基追比对麦田氮代谢和产量影响不明显，但适当增加基追比可以减轻氮素追肥的压力，降低土壤硝态氮含量。本研究对豫北高产麦田的科学管理具有指导意义。关键词：豫北高产麦田；施氮量；基追比；氮代谢；产量；土壤硝态氮AbstractYubeiregionisanimportantwinterwheatplantingareainChina,andnitrogenapplicationandbasalfertilizerapplicationareimportantmeasurestopromotewheatgrowthandincreaseyield.Inthisstudy,Yubeihigh-yieldingwheatfieldswereselectedastheresearchobjecttostudytheeffectofdifferentnitrogenapplicationratesandbasalfertilizerapplicationratiosonnitrogenmetabolism,yieldandsoilnitratenitrogenafterflowering.Theresultsshowedthatnitrogenapplicationratehadasignificantimpactonnitrogenmetabolismandyieldofwheatfields.Appropriatenitrogenapplicationratecouldimprovetheyieldandqualityofwheatfields,butexcessivenitrogenapplicationwouldleadtohighsoilnitratenitrogenanddegradedwheatquality.Theeffectofbasalfertilizerapplicationratioonnitrogenmetabolismandyieldofwheatfieldswasnotobvious,butincreasingtheratioappropriatelycouldreducethepressureofnitrogentopdressingandlowerthecontentofsoilnitratenitrogen.ThisstudyhasguidingsignificanceforthescientificmanagementofYubeihigh-yieldingwheatfields.Keywords:Yubeihigh-yieldingwheatfield;nitrogenapplicationrate;basalfertilizerapplicationratio;nitrogenmetabolism;yield;soilnitratenitrogen