低温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料制备及其性能研究的中期报告摘要：低温固体氧化物燃料电池（LT-SOFC）作为一种新型的能量转换设备，具有高效率、低污染、可靠性高等优点，在能源领域具有广泛的应用前景。其中，阴极材料是决定LT-SOFC电化学性能的关键因素之一，因此其制备及性能研究显得尤为重要。本报告从制备方法、表征方法及性能评价等方面出发，系统地介绍了LT-SOFC阴极材料（主要是钙钛矿材料）的研究进展。首先，从纳米材料、溶胶-凝胶、共沉淀、水热、喷雾热、喷雾干燥等方面，综述了各种制备方法的优缺点及其应用情况。然后，介绍了X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、热重分析、电化学性能测试等表征方法在LT-SOFC阴极材料研究中的应用。最后，系统总结了各种制备方法对材料性能的影响，包括晶体结构、晶粒大小、孔结构、电化学性能等，分析了阴极材料存在的问题及未来的发展方向。关键词：低温固体氧化物燃料电池；阴极材料；制备；性能；表征Abstract：Asanewtypeofenergyconversiondevice,low-temperaturesolidoxidefuelcell(LT-SOFC)hasmanyadvantagessuchashighefficiency,lowpollutionandhighreliability,whichhasbroadapplicationprospectsinthefieldofenergy.Amongthem,thecathodematerialisoneofthekeyfactorsdeterminingtheelectrochemicalpropertiesofLT-SOFC,soitspreparationandperformanceresearchisparticularlyimportant.ThisreportsystematicallyintroducestheresearchprogressofLT-SOFCcathodematerials(mainlyperovskitematerials)fromtheaspectsofpreparationmethods,characterizationmethodsandperformanceevaluation.Firstly,theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofvariouspreparationmethods(suchasnanomaterials,sol-gel,co-precipitation,hydrothermal,spraypyrolysis,spraydrying,etc.)andtheirapplicationstatusarereviewed.Then,theapplicationofcharacterizationmethodssuchasX-raydiffraction,scanningelectronmicroscopy,transmissionelectronmicroscopy,thermalanalysis,andelectrochemicalperformancetestingintheresearchofLT-SOFCcathodematerialsisintroduced.Finally,theinfluenceofvariouspreparationmethodsonmaterialproperties,includingcrystalstructure,grainsize,porestructure,electrochemicalperformance,etc.issystematicallysummarized,andtheexistingproblemsandfuturedevelopmentdirectionsofcathodematerialsareanalyzed.Keywords:low-temperaturesolidoxidefuelcells;cathodematerials;preparation;performance;characterization.