备战2022年高考英语考前必背(通用版)完形填空生僻词一、生僻动词汇总abandon遗弃acquire获得advocate提倡;主张analyze分析appeal呼吁;上诉applaud(为……)鼓掌appoint委派;任命approve认可;批准assess评估calculate计算;估计;预料betray背叛confirm确认,证实clarify阐明;澄清define下定义crash碰撞;坠毁distinguish识别;辨别;认清diagnose诊断enhance提高,增强digest消化evaluate评估distribute(有计划地)分发identify认出;识别encounter偶遇;邂逅investigate调查impose把……强加于migrate迁移;迁徙maintain维持negotiate谈判neglect忽略pave铺(路),创造条件pace踱步preserve保存postpone推迟reserve预订qualify符合;配得上split分裂;分开slide滑行;衰落swear郑重承诺;发誓sponsor赞助;举办tremble颤抖,哆嗦whisper低语withdraw撤回;提取【真题再现】典例1:(2021全国甲卷·)Burchillwasstayingatthehotelonbusinessandplanningtovisitsomefriendsinthearea.Theyhadaskedhimtobringsomepepperoni(辣香肠)frombackeast.Sohe44asuitcasefullofpepperoni.44.A.filledB.lockedC.abandonedD.lost【解析】选A。根据上文内容可知,Burchill要去见朋友,朋友要求他带一些辣香肠过来。由此可推知,此处应表示他装了满满一箱的辣香肠。fill“使充满,装满”符合语境,故选A。典例2:(2021·全国乙卷)Oneafternoon,whileattemptingtogetintobedshecollapsed倒下)from(whatwaseventuallydiscoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,47theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.47.A.assessingB.requiringC.formingD.proving【解析】选B。根据上文“Thecollapsewasdisastrous”的提示可知,病人此次倒下的后果很严重,需要医疗急救队及其良好的团队合作,requiring符合语境。典例3:(2021·浙江高考)LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibegan36ontotheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA.36.A.calculateB.negotiateC.advertiseD.research【解析】选D。根据空前一句“LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteer和空后的work.“on”theInternetanddiscoveredolunteerVUSA”可知,作者决定参加志愿工作,并在网络上研究。calculate“计算”;negotiate“协商”;advertise“登广告,为……打广告”;research“研究”。故选D。二、动词短语汇总acton根据……行事beregardedas被看作……blowup爆炸breakdown分解;出故障calmdown平静下来cheeron为……加油careabout关心;在乎dealwith处理dependon依靠;取决于getrid摆of脱dreamof渴望havecontrol控制ofgetaway远离;离去keepup保持hangout闲逛makeuseof利用holdonto抓住;坚持occurtosb.某人想到liveupto不辜负putforward提出moveon继续前进riseup上升payoff奏效;取得成功showoff炫耀respondto对……做出反应setout出发;开始rollover翻身setoff出发;引起;使爆炸showup露面;露出;揭露stayup熬夜settleon选定;决定stepforward前进;站出来shopfor购买useup用完throwawa