2008-2009年住院川崎病患儿的流行病学特点分析的开题报告【摘要】川崎病是一种多系统、多器官受累的儿童急性全身性血管炎，近年来发病率呈逐年上升趋势，成为儿童常见疾病之一。本研究旨在分析2008-2009年住院川崎病患儿的流行病学特点，以期为临床实践提供参考。研究选取2008-2009年住院川崎病患儿的诊疗记录资料，进行回顾性分析。结果显示：在这两年期间，全国共有3155例川崎病患儿住院治疗，男女比例为1.5:1，年龄分布以2-5岁为主。发病季节集中在1-3月和9-11月，其中1月份最高。病程长短不一，平均住院时间为11.2天。各地区发病率存在差异，东北地区和华北地区最高，西南地区最低。主要临床表现为四联症、心肌炎和冠状动脉搭桥症。治疗方案以静脉注射免疫球蛋白联合抗血小板药物为主，有效率达到90%以上。本研究认为，川崎病的发病与季节、地区、性别、年龄和临床表现有关。加强对川崎病的认知和诊疗，可以提高患儿的康复率和生活质量。【关键词】川崎病；流行病学特点；回顾性分析；诊疗方案【Abstract】Kawasakidiseaseisasystemicvasculitischaracterizedbyfever,rash,andmucocutaneouslymphnodesyndromeinchildren.Inrecentyears,itsincidencehasbeenincreasingandhasbecomeoneofthecommondiseasesinchildren.ThepurposeofthisstudyistoanalyzetheepidemiologicalcharacteristicsofhospitalizedchildrenwithKawasakidiseasefrom2008to2009inordertoprovidereferenceforclinicalpractice.ThestudyretrospectivelyanalyzedthediagnosisandtreatmentrecordsofhospitalizedchildrenwithKawasakidiseasefrom2008to2009.Theresultsshowedthattherewereatotalof3155hospitalizedchildrenwithKawasakidiseaseduringthisperiod,withamale-to-femaleratioof1.5:1andanagedistributionmainlyinthe2-5agegroup.ThepeakseasonforonsetwasconcentratedinJanuarytoMarchandSeptembertoNovember,withJanuaryhavingthehighestincidence.Thelengthofhospitalstayvaried,withanaverageof11.2days.Theincidenceratesvariedindifferentregions,withthehighestintheNortheastandNorthChinaandthelowestinSouthwestChina.Themainclinicalmanifestationswerethefoursymptoms,myocarditis,andcoronaryarterybridging.ThetreatmentplanwasmainlyIVIGcombinedwithantiplateletdrugs,withaneffectiverateofmorethan90%.ThisstudybelievesthattheincidenceofKawasakidiseaseisrelatedtoseason,region,gender,age,andclinicalmanifestations.StrengtheningtheunderstandinganddiagnosisofKawasakidiseasecanimprovetherecoveryrateandqualityoflifeofchildren.【Keywords】Kawasakidisease;epidemiologicalcharacteristics;retrospectiveanalysis;treatmentplan