英语听力材料《医保的发展面临危机》英语听力材料《医保的发展面临危机》医保涉及人们的切身利益，也是政府保障民生的一项重要工作。你认为现在社保的发展怎么样?下面，我们来看一篇英语听力材料。Crippinghealthcarebills,longemergency-roomwaitsandtheinabilitytofindaprimarycarephysicianjustscratchthesurfaceoftheproblemsthatpatientsfacedaily.日益上涨的医保费用，急诊室内长时间的等待，初级保健医生的短缺，这些都只是患者日常面临的一小部分问题。Primarycareshouldbethebackboneofanyhealthcaresystem.Countrieswithappropriateprimarycareresourcesscorehighlywhenitcomestohealthoutcomesandcost.TheU.S.takestheoppositeapproachbyemphasizingthespecialistratherthantheprimarycarephysician.初级保健应该是整个医保制度的支柱。在谈到健康状况和医疗费用时，初级保健资源完善的国家情况令人满意。美国却反其道而行，重视专门医生而非初级保健医生。ArecentstudyanalyzedtheproviderswhotreatMedicarebeneficiaries(老年医保受惠人).ThestartlingfindingwasthattheaverageMedicatepatientsawatotalofsevendoctors-twoprimarycarephysiciansandfivespecialists-inagivenyear.最近，一项研究对负责老年医保受惠人的医生进行了调查分析。令人惊讶的发现是，每个受惠人每年平均看的医生多达七位——两个初级保健医生和五个专科医生。Contrarytopopularbelief,themorephysicianstakingcareofyoudoesn'tguaranteebettercare.Actually,increasingfragmentationofcareresultsinacorrespondingriseincostandmedicalerrors.与人们普遍的想法相反，照顾你的医生越多并不能证明医疗保健的效果越好。事实上，医保越分散，医疗费用会越高，医疗错误也越多。Howdidweletprimarycareslipsofar?Thekeyishowdoctorsarepaid.Mostphysiciansarepaidwhenevertheyperformamedicalservice.Themoreaphysiciandoes,regardlessofqualityoroutcome,thebetterhe'sreimbursed(返还费用).Moreover,theamountaphysicianreceivesleansheavilytowardmedicalorsurgicalprocedures.为什么我们如此不重视初级保健呢?问题的关键在于医生的收费制度。大多数医生，无论何时，只要他们给人看病就可以收取费用。医生出诊的'次数越多，无论医疗效果如何，他们获得的费用也会越多。另外，医生在收费时，在很大程度上是按看诊过程或手术内容进行的。Aspecialistwhoperformsaprocedureina30-minutevisitcanbepaidthreetimesmorethanaprimarycarephysicianusingthatsame30minutestodiscussapatient'sdisease.Combinethisfactwithannualgovernmentthreatstoindiscriminatelycutreimbursements,physiciansarefacedwithnochoicebuttoincreasequantitytoboostincome.一个专业医生看诊30分钟收取的费用是一个初级保健医生同样时间问诊费用的3倍。考虑到以上原因，再加之政府每年随意削减医生诊费，医生们别无他法，只能靠增加问诊次数来提高收入。Primarycarephysicianswhorefusetocompromisequalityareeitherdrivenoutofbusinessortocash-only