摘要由于城市发展迅速，对石料的需求也越来越多，许多的露天采石场因此建立起来，但是他们却忽略了露天开采所带来的一系列生态环境影响，而且所做的防治措施远没有达到生态恢复的目标。为了进一步使人们了解到露天开采带来的危害并采取有效的防治措施，本文做了详细论述。首先对生态环境影响评价进行概述，包括生态环境影响的定义、评价原则与基本技术。然后对露天采石场的特点以及开采造成的生态环境影响进行分析，如一些常见的污染源，开采造成的危害：植被破坏、水体污染、土壤破坏、水土流失、生物量减少等。再结合某露天采石场进行生态环境影响评价与预测，并列出露天开采所应采取的具体的防治措施，包括工程措施和生物措施。希望通过本文的论述，能为露天开采提供借鉴，起到参考的作用。关键词：露天采石场、露天开采、生态环境影响、防治措施、生态评价AbstractAsaresultofthespeedydevelopmentofthecities,thedemandsofstonematerialbecomemoreandmore.Manyhypaethralquarrieshavebeenbuiltbecauseofthis,butpeopleneglecttheecologicalandenvironmentalimpactbroughtbyopencastworking.Andthepreventionandcurestepsthatdoisn’tarriveatthegoalofzoologyrenew.Inordertomakepeoplerealizetheharmsbroughtbyopencastworkingmoreandtakesomeeffectivepreventionandcuresteps,thistexthasdoaparticulardissertate.First,summarizetheecologicalandenvironmentalimpactassessment,includesomedefines,assessmentprincipleandbasictechnology.Andthenanalyzethecharacteristicofahypaethralquarryandsomeecologicalandenvironmentalimpactbroughtbyopencastworking.Suchassomefamiliarpollutesource,harmsbroughtbyopencastworking:botanicreakage,waterpollution,edaphicreakage,waterandsoilloss,biomassreduce.Thenuseahypaethralquarrytodotheecologicalandenvironmentalimpactassessmentandforecast.Andtickoffsomematerialpreventionandcurestepsinopencastworking,includeengineeringandecologicalsteps.Afterthedissertationofthispaper,wishitcanofferareferencetoopencastworking.Keywords：hypaethralquarry,opencastworking,ecologicalandenvironmentalimpact,preventionandcurestep,ecologicalassessment目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\uHYPERLINK\l"_Toc106169398"1、概述PAGEREF_Toc106169398\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc106169399"1.1、环境影响评价PAGEREF_Toc106169399\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc106169400"1.2、生态环境影响评价PAGEREF_Toc106169400\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc106169401"1.2.1、生态环境影响评价的含义PAGEREF_Toc106169401\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc106169402"1.2.2、生态环境影响评价与传统环境影响评价的区别PAGEREF_Toc106169402\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc106169403"1.3、生态环境影响评价基本原则PAGEREF_Toc106169403\