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中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)原文:SafetyAssuranceforChallengingGeotechnicalCivilEngineeringConstructionsinUrbanAreasAbstractSafetyisthemostimportantaspectduringdesign,constructionandservicetimeofanystructure,especiallyforchallengingprojectslikehigh-risebuildingsandtunnelsinurbanareas.Ahighleveldesignconsideringthesoil-structureinteraction,basedonaqualifiedsoilinvestigationisrequiredforasafeandoptimiseddesign.Duetothecomplexityofgeotechnicalconstructionsthesafetyassuranceguaranteedbythe4-eye-principleisessential.The4-eye-principleconsistsofanindependentpeerreviewbypubliclycertifiedexpertscombinedwiththeobservationalmethod.Thepaperpresentsthefundamentalaspectsofsafetyassurancebythe4-eye-principle.Theapplicationisexplainedonseveralexamples,asdeepexcavations,complexfoundationsystemsforhigh-risebuildingsandtunnelconstructionsinurbanareas.Theexperiencesmadeintheplanning,designandconstructionphasesareexplainedandfornewinnerurbanprojectsrecommendationsaregiven.Keywords:NaturalAsset;FinancialValue;NeuralNetwork1.IntroductionAsafetydesignandconstructionofchallengingprojectsinurbanareasisbasedonthefollowingmainaspects:Qualifiedexpertsforplanning,designandconstruction;Interactionbetweenarchitects,structuralengineersandgeotechnicalengineers;Adequatesoilinvestigation;DesignofdeepfoundationsystemsusingtheFiniteElement-Method(FEM)incombinationwithenhancedin-situloadtestsforcalibratingthesoilparametersusedinthenumericalsimulations;Qualityassurancebyanindependentpeerreviewprocessandtheobservationalmethod(4-eye-principle).Thesefactswillbeexplainedbylargeconstructionprojectswhicharelocatedindifficultsoilandgroundwaterconditions.2.The4-Eye-PrincipleThebasisforsafetyassuranceisthe4-eye-principle.This4-eye-principleisaprocessofanindependentpeerreviewasshowninFigure1.Itconsistsof3parts.Theinvestor,theexpertsforplanninganddesignandtheconstructioncompanybelongtothefirstdivision.Planninganddesignaredoneaccordingtotherequirementsofthei
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