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2019届中考英语定语从句详解2019届中考英语定语从句详解一。关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语whowhichthat主语whomwhichthat宾语whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)例1:thisisthedetectivewhocamefromlondon.例2:thebookwhichiamreadingiswrittenbytomashardy.例3:thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.例4:thisistheroomthatshakespearewasbornin.限制性定语从句:关系代词的用法(1)如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none,few等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which.例如:allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.(2)如果先等词被形容词最高级、序数词以及first,last,any,only,thesame,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或whom.例如:shanghaiisthebiggestcity(that)ihaveeverseen.thisistheonlybook(that)iwanttoborrow.it'sthethirdtime(that)ihavebeenhere.thisisthesamebookthatyouboughtyesterday.(3)先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词應该用that.例如:theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中往往有逗号,不能用关系代词that,只能用which(物)或who(人),作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如:thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostofwhomarewelleducated.which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在這种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与andthis相似,并可以指人。例如:hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy."介词+关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构(1)"介词+关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。"介词+关系代词"结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等,关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that.thisroomwhere/inwhichihavelivedfacesthesouth.thisroomatwhich/whereistandlivedanoldman.hebuiltatelescopethroughwhere/whichhecouldstudytheskies.thisisthemanwhom/forwhomwearelooking.(2)fromwhere为"介词+关系副词"结构,但也可以引导定语从句。例如:westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown……,当前1234