词性parｔｏfspeecｈ名词ｎouｎ专有名词proｐernoun普通名词coｍmonnｏun可数名词coｕｎtabｌenouｎ不可数名词uｎｃountaｂｌenoun抽象名词abstrａｃtnoun具体名词cｏnｃretenｏun物质名词mａtｅrｉalnoｕn集体名词coｌlectiｖenoun个体名词inｄiviｄuaｌnoｕｎ动词veｒb及物动词tranｓｉtivｅverb不及物动词ｉnｔrａnsｉtiveverb限定动词finiｔevｅrｂｆｏrm非限定动词non-finiｔevｅrbｆorm主动词maiｎverb系动词liｎkverb助动词auxiliaryveｒb情态动词ｍoｄalｖｅrｂ规则动词regularverb不规则动词ｉrreguｌａrveｒb短语动词phrasalｖerb限定动词fiｎiｔｅverb非限定动词iｎfinitｅveｒｂ使役动词cauｓａtｉvｅverｂ感官动词vｅrboｆseｎses动态动词eveｎｔveｒｂ静态动词ｓtageveｒｂ形容词adjeｃtｉve副词ａdｖerb方式副词adｖerbｏfmanner程度副词ａdｖeｒｂoｆdegrｅe时间副词adverboｆｔｉｍe地点副词adｖeｒｂoｆpｌａce修饰性副词ａdｊuｎｃt连接性副词coｎjunct疑问副词ｉnterｒogａtｉvｅadｖerｂ关系副词reｌativeadverb代词pronouｎ人称代词peｒｓoｎaｌpronoun物主代词posｓｅssivｅｐｒonoｕn名词性物主代词ｎomｉｎalpossｅssiｖepronｏuｎ形容词性物主代词adjectiｖａｌpossｅssivepronoun反身代词reｆｌexiｖeｐroｎｏuｎ指示代词dｅmonsｔraｔivｅpronoun疑问代词intｅrrｏgａtivepronoｕn关系代词ｒelaｔiｖepronoun不定代词ｉｎdefiｎitepronoun冠词arｔicle定冠词defiｎiｔeaｒticｌe不定冠词iｎdefinitｅａrtｉcｌe数词numeｒal基数词cａｒｄiｎａｌnｕmerａｌ序数词orｄｉｎａｌnuｍeral介词ｐｒepositiｏn连词ｃonjuｎｃｔion感叹词ｅｘclaｍａtion数/格/性number／caｓe/gｅnder数ｎｕmbｅr单数形式singularform复数形式plｕrａlfoｒm规则形式rｅgularfｏrｍ不规则形式irregulaｒfoｒｍ格case普通格moｎcase所有格possessivecaｓe主格ｎｏminａｔｉｖecａsｅ宾格objectivecasｅ性gender阴性femｉnｉnｅ阳性ｍasculｉne中性nｅｕｔer通性mon人称persoｎ第一人称firｓtpｅrsｏn第二人称secoｎdpersoｎ第三人称tｈｉrdpersｏn句子成分membeｒｓofｓentｅｎces主语subｊect谓语ｐｒedｉcate表语predicatｉvｅ宾语objecｔ双宾语dualoｂject直接宾语dirｅctobｊect间接宾语indｉreｃtoｂｊect复合宾语ｃomｐlexobject同源宾语coｇnateｏbｊect定语aｔtribuｔe状语adｖerbial同位语ａpposｉtivｅ补语coｍpｌｅｍｅｎt主语补足语suｂjectcｏmｐleｍent宾语补足语objectplｅment句子sentence(基本句型basicseｎtencepａttern)简单句ｓimpｌesｅnｔｅｎｃｅ并列句cｏmpoｕndｓentence复合句ｐｌexseｎtenｃe并列复合句cｏmpoundcoｍplexsentｅnｃe陈述句declａrativeｓeｎｔenｃe存在句eｘistentialｓentence疑问句ｉｎtｅrrogａtivｅsentencｅ一般疑问句genｅralｑuesｔｉon特殊疑问句sｐｅｃｉａlｑuｅsｔion选择疑问句alternatiｖequesｔioｎ反义疑问句diｓjuｎcｔivequestiｏn附加疑问句taｇquｅｓtｉon修辞疑问句ｒhetoriｃalquestion感叹疑问句ｅxclamatｏrｙqueｓtｉon肯定句ｐoｓitivｅsentｅnce否定句neｇaｔiｖeｓｅntenｃe祈使句imperａtiｖesｅｎｔｅnｃe省略句ellipｔｉcalsentence感叹句exclamａtｏryｓｅntenｃe语气/语态/语序mood/vｏice/or