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肠道细菌的建立及功能肠道菌群GutMicrobiota人体消化道细菌分布人体结肠菌群结构肠道菌群GutMicrobiota益生菌Probiotics“卫生”学说“hygienehypothesis”。结肠菌群与结肠癌的关系结肠癌ColorectalCancer肠道细菌与结肠癌危险因素相关无菌小鼠Germ-free(GF)mouseThegutmicrobiotaasanenvironmentalfactorthatregulatesfatstorageFredrikBackhedetal.Obesityaltersgutmicrobialecology(?)Leyetal.EarlydifferencesinfecalmicrobiotacompositioninchildrenmaypredictoverweightKalliomakietal.结肠菌群与结肠黏膜免疫、炎症的关系ChangesinGutMicrobiotaControlMetabolicEndotoxemia-InducedInflammationinHigh-FatDiet–InducedObesityandDiabetesinMiceCanietal.Theconclusions炎症与肿瘤ThetypesandnumbersofbacteriaassociatedwithbiopsysamplesweredistinctlydifferentforUCandCDpatients.机制MechanismsModulationoftheIntestinalMicrobiotaAltersColitis-AssociatedColorectalCancerSusceptibilityUronisetal.肠道微生物识别microbialrecognitionTLRs在细菌-炎症-肿瘤过程中起重要的介导作用TheinnateimmunereceptorNod1protectstheintestinefrominflammation-inducedtumorigenesisChenetal.RolesforInflammationandRegulatoryTCellsinColonCancerERDMANetal.一些益生菌具有免疫调节及免疫刺激的作用Theformylpeptidereceptor(FPR)人类研究Myeloperoxidase-PositiveCellInfiltrationinColorectalCarcinogenesisasIndicatorofColorectalCancerRiskRoncuccietal.结肠腺瘤患者正常黏膜炎症浸润程度增加益生菌人类治疗研究Humanstudies结肠菌群紊乱与结肠肿瘤发生的关系