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附件5-1春节一、资料介绍China'straditionalfestivalshaveevolvedthroughthecenturiesfrompastmajorevents.Forinstance,longagowhenpeoplehadabountifulharvest,theygatheredandcelebratedtheirgoodfortunewithgalaperformances.Whennaturaldisastersstruck,theyofferedsacrificestothegodsandtheirancestors,hopingforablessing.Thechangeoftheseasons,flowersinspring,andthebrightmooninautumncouldallarousetheirlongingforamorebeautifullife.Thus,creativeactivitieswereheldtosignifytheseevents,graduallytheseactivitiesdevelopedintofestivals.ThemostimportantfestivalinChinaistheSpringFestival.ItissaidthattheSpringFestivalevolvedfromanactivityknownastheWinterSacrifice.Itwasacustompracticedbythepeopleofprimitivesociety.Asthecoldwinterbegantorecedeandthewarmspringwasabouttobegin,thepeopleofanentireclangatheredtogether.Theybroughtouttheirbountyfromhunting,fishingandthefield.Theythankedthegodsfortheblessingsofnature,includingthemountains,rivers,thesun,moonandstars,theythankedtheirancestors,thentheysharedandenjoyedthesumptuousbountyoftheland,sea,airandfieldsastheyate,dancedandsangheartily.Inthebeginning,theiractivityhadnofixeddate.Butusuallyitwasheldattheendofeachwinter.Gradually,throughtheyears,itwascelebratedattheendoftheoldyearorthebeginningofthenew.Withthechangesanddisingtegrationofprimitivesociety,theformandcontentoftheWinterSacrificealsochanged.Ultimately,itbecameafestivaltobidfarewelltotheoldyearandwelcomeinthenewyear.SoitcametobecalledtheSpringFestival.AllthetraditionalfestivalsinChinaarebasedontheChineselunarcalendar.TheSpringFestivalmarksthebeginningoftheChineseLunarNewYear.InChinese,wealsosayGuoNian,meaningkeepingoffthemonsterofNian.TherearemanylegendsabouttheoriginofNian,Themostpopularoneisthis.ItissaidthatNianwasafiercemonsterbackinancienttimes.Itlookedlikeastrongbullwithaheadlikethatofalion.Usuallythemonsterstayeddeepinthemountainsandcaughtandateotherbeasts.Butduringthewinter,itcouldnotfindenoughfood.Soitcameoutofitsmountainlairandenteredvillagestoeatwhateveritcouldcatch.Villagersbecameveryfrig
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