2N与4N水稻杂种幼胚后代印记研究及胚乳发育相关基因表达分析的开题报告摘要：水稻是世界上主要的粮食作物之一，杂交水稻是近年来实现粮食生产提高和对抗全球气候变化的重要手段之一。本研究旨在研究2N与4N水稻杂种幼胚后代的遗传印记和胚乳发育相关基因表达，以深入理解杂交水稻的遗传和生命周期特征。主要研究内容包括利用分子标记技术对杂种幼胚后代开展遗传标记分析，对产生的分子标记进行分析和比较；同时采用转录组测序技术对胚乳发育过程进行表达谱分析，分析差异表达基因和可能涉及杂交水稻优势表现的关键基因。最终期望通过研究2N与4N水稻杂种幼胚后代印记和胚乳发育相关基因的表达特征，为水稻遗传育种提供新的思路和方法。关键词：水稻；杂交水稻；幼胚后代；遗传印记；转录组分析Abstract:Riceisoneoftheworld'smajorfoodcrops,andhybridriceisanimportantmeansofimprovinggrainproductionandcombatingglobalclimatechangeinrecentyears.Theaimofthisstudyistoinvestigatethegeneticimprintandexpressionofgenesrelatedtoendospermdevelopmentin2Nand4Nhybridriceembryooffspring,inordertogainadeeperunderstandingofthegeneticandlifecyclecharacteristicsofhybridrice.Themainresearchcontentsincludegeneticmarkeranalysisofhybridembryooffspringusingmolecularmarkertechnology,andanalysisandcomparisonofthemolecularmarkersproduced;Meanwhile,transcriptomesequencingtechnologyisusedtoanalyzetheexpressionprofileofendospermdevelopment,andtoanalyzedifferentiallyexpressedgenesandkeygenesthatmaybeinvolvedinthesuperiorexpressionofhybridrice.Finally,itisexpectedtoprovidenewideasandmethodsforricegeneticsbreedingthroughthestudyoftheexpressioncharacteristicsofgeneticimprintsandgenesrelatedtoendospermdevelopmentin2Nand4Nhybridriceembryooffspring.Keywords:Rice;Hybridrice;Embryooffspring;Geneticimprints;Transcriptomeanalysis.