英语专业四级词汇语法辅导非谓语动词不定式不定式得时态不定式时态真题不定式时态不定式时态不定式得完成式Examples10不定式得完成式不定式得完成式真题练习be+动词不定式真题动词＋疑问句+带to得不定式真题不定式得特殊句型真题不定式得特殊句型不定式得特殊句型真题动词不定式得复合结构动词不定式得复合结构真题省略to得动词不定式e、g、I’drathernothaveeggsandbaconforbreakfast、I’dsoonerstayathome、Iwouldassoondoitbymyself、Sinceit’safinedaywemightaswellwalk、Hewouldratherlistentoothersthantalkhimself、Iwouldjustassoonstayasgo、真题Theydidnothingexceptwork、There’snochoicebuttowait、Whathewilldoistospoilthewholething、Allyoudonowistopletetheform、TheonlythingIcandonowistogoonbymyself、Thethingtodonowistoclearupthismess、Whyarguewithhim?WhynotgiveMarysomeflowers?必须带to得特殊情况必须带to得特殊情况动名词动名词时态与语态意义动名词得时态真题动名词得语态在need,want后用主动态动名词表示被动意义,与用被动态得不定式意义并无差别,但以用动名词较为普遍。Thedooriscracking、Itneedsoiling/tobeoiled、Theroomwantscleaning/tobecleaned、require,deserve也能这样用,但不及need,want普通。动名词得复合结构练习动名词与不定式得比较作主语得动名词与不定式在意义上得区别动名词与不定式得比较分词分词得形式去分词与现在分词被动式得区别真题在lookat,listento,feel,hear,notice,observe,see,watch等动词后可以用不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语,意义差别不大。现在分词强调动作正在发生、还未结束;不定式说明动作得全过程。Didyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?您刚才听到有人敲门吗?YesIdid、Iheardhimknockthreetimes、就是得,我听到她敲了三下、Isawyourfatherworkinginyourgardenyesterday、昨天我瞧见您父亲正在花园里干活。Isawyourfatherworkinyourgardenyesterday、昨天我见您父亲在园里干活。注意:find后面用分词(现在分词与过去分词)作宾补,不用不定式。如:正:Ifoundhimlyingontheground、误:Ifoundhimlieontheground、分词作状语分词作状语表时间时得位置分词作状语分词作状语真题真题作状语得分词短语前得连词与句子主语不保持一致得分词短语形式。与此类似得有:Talkingofcleaning,it’sabouttimeyoudidthewindows,isn’tit?练习独立主格独立主格结构得构成形式分词得独立主格1、“逻辑主语＋v-ing”表主动意义2、“逻辑主语＋v-ed”表被动意义真题3、“逻辑主语＋分词得完成式或完成被动式”4、“there+being+其她成分”得独立主格结构作状语(therebe得非谓语详解见后)真题逻辑主语＋形容词(副词)练习逻辑主语+不定式逻辑主语+介词短语真题With得复合结构With(without)+逻辑主语＋现在分词表示主动意义(正在进行或发生)with(without)+逻辑主语＋过去分词表示被动意义(已经完成)e、g、Hewalkedacrossthemeetingroomwitheveryonelookingather、e、g、Withoutawordmorespoken,shelefttheroom、Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback、凶手被带进来了,她得双手被绑在背后。(表方式)(2)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam、水一被加热,我们就会瞧到水蒸气。(表条件)(3)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome、事情得到解决,我们都回家了。(表原因)练习therebe得非谓语形式therebe得非谓语形式therebe得非谓