编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第页共NUMPAGES6页第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT6页共NUMPAGES\*MERGEFORMAT6页新加坡地理经济文化英语介绍新加坡共和国RepublicofSingaporeSingapore,officiallytheRepublicofSingapore,isanislandcountrylocatedatthesoutherntipoftheMalayPeninsula.Itlies137kilometres(85mi)northoftheequator,southoftheMalaysianstateofJohorandnorthofIndonesia'sRiauIslands.At707.1km2(273.0sqmi),Singaporeisoneoffourremainingtruecity-statesintheworld.ItisthesmallestnationinSoutheastAsia.PriortoEuropeansettlement,theislandnowknownasSingaporewasthesiteofaMalayfishingvillageatthemouthoftheSingaporeRiver.SeveralhundredindigenousOrangLautpeoplealsolivedalongthenearbycoast,riversandonsmallerislands.In1819theBritishEastIndiaCompanyestablishedatradingpostontheisland,whichwasusedthereafterasastrategictradingpostalongthespiceroute.[4]SingaporewouldbecomeoneofthemostimportantcommercialandmilitarycentresoftheBritishEmpire,andthehubofBritishpowerinSoutheastAsia.ThecitywasoccupiedbytheJapaneseduringWorldWarII,whichWinstonChurchillcalled"Britain'sgreatestdefeat".[5]SingaporerevertedtoBritishruleimmediatelypostwar,in1945.Eighteenyearslaterthecity,havingachievedindependencefromBritain,mergedwithMalaya,SabahandSarawaktoformMalaysia.However,lessthantwoyearslateritsecededfromthefederationandbecameanindependentrepublicon9August1965.SingaporejoinedtheUnitedNationson21Septemberthatsameyear.ItisalsoamemberoftheCommonwealthofNations.Sinceindependence,Singapore'sstandardoflivinghasbeenontherise.Foreigndirectinvestmentandastate-leddrivetoindustrialisationbasedonplansdrawnupbytheDutcheconomistAlbertWinsemiushavecreatedamoderneconomyfocusedonelectronicsmanufacturing,petrochemicals,tourismandfinancialservicesalongsidetraditionalentrepôttrade.[citationneeded]Singaporeisthe5thwealthiestcountryintheworldintermsofGDP(PPP)percapita.[6]ThissmallnationhasforeignexchangereservesofmorethanUS$177billion.[7]ThepopulationofSingaporeisapproximately4.84million.[2]ThoughSingaporeishighlycosmopolitananddiverse,ethnicChineseformthemajo