2020-2021《西方经济学》（双语）期末课程考试试卷B注意：请在答题纸上作答，考试时间120分钟，可以翻阅纸质字典，不得携带电子词典及手机等。Part1:True-Falsequestion0×(11′=10′)1.Economistsusethewordequitytodescribeasituationinwhicheverymemberofsocietywouldhavethesameincome.（）2.Wheneconomistsrefertopeoplemakingdecisions“atthemargin”theymeanthatpeoplecomparethecostsandbenefitsofeachdecision.)(3.Ifagoodis“normal,”thenanincreaseinincomeawilldecreaseresultininthedemandforthegood.()4.Ifthepriceofacompetitivefirm’soutputincreased,marginalrevenueandtheprofit-maximizinglevelofoutputwouldbothincrease.)(5.Payrolltaxescausewagesreceivedbyworkerstofallandwagespaidbyfirms)torise.(6.Therelativepriceoftwogoodsequalsthemarginalrateofsubstitution.)(7.Ifthepriceofapplesincreasesmorethanthepriceofothergoods,theweightoftheapplesintheCPIstaysthesame,butshoulddecreasetoaccuratelyreflectthechangeinthecost-of-living.()8.Intheshortrunafirmshouldnevershut)down.(9.Ifanindustrybecomesunionized,wagesinthatindustrytendtorise,whileemploymentinthatindustrytendstofall.)(10.FOMCpolicydecisionshaveanimportantinfluenceheeconomy’sontrateofinflationandlevelofemploymentinthelongrun.)(Part2:SingleChoice0×(41′=40′)1.Economicsdealsprimarilywiththeconcept（of）a.changeb.powerc.povertyd.scarcity2.Theopportunitycostofanitem)is(a.whatyougiveuptogetthatitem.b.alwaysequaltothedollarvalueoftheitem.c.alwayslessthanthedollarvalueoftheitem.d.thenumberofhoursneededtoearnthemoneytobuyit.3.Amarketisa()a.placewhereonlybuyerscometogether.b.placewhereonlysellersmeet.c.groupofpeoplewithcommondesires.d.groupofbuyersandsellersofaparticulargoodorservice.4.Inafreemarketsystem,whatisthemechanismforrationingscarce)resources?(a.thegovernmentb.pricesc.buyersd.sellers5.Economistscomputethepriceelasticityofdemand)as(a.percentagechangeinthepricedividedbythepercentagechangeinquantitydemanded.b.changeinquantitydemandeddividedbythechangeintheprice.c.percentagechangeinthequantitydemandeddividedbythepercentagechangeinprice.d.percentagechangeinthequantitydemandedd