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基于遗传算法软件测试用例自动生成分析与研究的综述报告IntroductionWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofsoftwaretechnology,softwaretestinghasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Inordertotestsoftwareeffectively,itisnecessarytogeneratetestcasesthatcoverallpossiblescenarios.However,manualtestcasegenerationisatime-consuminganderror-pronetask.Withthedevelopmentofautomatedtestingtechnology,softwaretestingcannowbeperformedautomatically.Oneoftheseautomatedtestingtechniquesistheuseofgeneticalgorithmsinsoftwaretesting.Inthisreport,wewillbediscussingtheprocessofgeneratingsoftwaretestcasesusinggeneticalgorithms.WhatisaGeneticAlgorithm?Ageneticalgorithmisasearchalgorithmthatisbasedonthetheoryofnaturalselection.Itisametaheuristicalgorithmthatisusedtofindthebestsolutiontoaproblembysimulatingnaturalselection.Ingeneticalgorithms,apopulationofcandidatesolutionstoaproblemisevolvedbyapplyinggeneticoperatorssuchasselection,crossover,andmutation.HowGeneticAlgorithmsareUsedinSoftwareTesting?Theuseofgeneticalgorithmsinsoftwaretestinginvolvesthegenerationoftestcasesthatcoverallpossiblescenarios.Theentireprocessofgeneratingsoftwaretestcasesusinggeneticalgorithmscanbesummarizedasfollows:•Encodingthetestcase-Inthefirststep,thetestcaseisencodedintoabinarystring.Thebinarystringrepresentsthesequenceofteststepsrequiredtoexecutethetestcase.•Creatingapopulationoftestcases-Apopulationoftestcasesiscreatedbyrandomlygeneratingasetofbinarystrings.Thesizeofthepopulationdependsonthecomplexityofthesoftwareandthenumberoftestcasesrequired.•Fitnessfunction-Anevaluationfunctionisusedtocalculatethefitnessofeachtestcaseinthepopulation.Thefitnessfunctionisdefinedastheratioofthenumberoffaultsdetectedbythetestcasetothetotalnumberoffaultsinthesoftware.•Selection-Theselectionprocessinvolvesselectingasetoftestcasesfromthepopulationthathavethehighestfitnessscore.Theselectedtestcaseswillbeusedtocreatethenextgenerationoftestcases.•Crossover-Crossoverinvolvesexchangingportionsoftwotestcasesselectedfromthepopulation.Thiscreatesanewsetoftestcasesforthenextg