密级：内部三相6/4极开关磁阻电机转矩特性分析与优化设计AnalysisandOptimalDesignofTorqueCharacteristicsofThree-phase6/4PoleSwitchReluctanceMotorPAGE\*MERGEFORMATIIIPAGE\*MERGEFORMATI摘要近年来随着电力电子技术和控制技术的发展，诞生了一种新的特种电机—开关磁阻电机。该电机具有结构简单、调速性能优良、成本低廉、可靠性高、起动转矩大、效率高等优点。因此，被广泛应用于牵引传动、通用工业、家用电器等众多领域。然而，由于开关磁阻电机的双凸极结构所引起的磁路非线性和饱和效应以及特殊的供电方式，与传统的电机相比存在着振动和噪声大的缺点，这就大大限制了开关磁阻电机向更多应用领域的拓展。因此为了得到更好的开关磁阻电机的动静态性能，如何降低转矩脉动和抑制噪声已经成为今后开关磁阻电机控制系统的研究重点。首先根据开关磁阻电机的运行机理，以三相6/4极开关磁阻电机作为分析模型，利用ANSOFT软件中的Maxwell模块完成电机的建模和分析。其次通过修改开关磁阻电机转子极弧系数以及在转子表面开口的方法，改善电机的输出转矩特性。结合MATLAB软件分析修改转子对平均转矩和转矩脉动的影响。最后利用实验室自行开发的多目标优化软件对平均转矩和转矩脉动进行多次优化，经过比较后找到最佳解，得到平均转矩提高、转矩脉动下降的结果，达到优化设计的最终目的。关键词：开关磁阻电机；转矩脉动；平均转矩；优化设计PAGE\*MERGEFORMATIIPAGE\*MERGEFORMATIAbstractInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofpowerelectronictechnologyandcontroltechnology,anewmotorcalledswitchreluctancemotor,whichhassomanyadvantagessuchassimplestructure,excellentperformanceofspeedadjustment,lowcost,highreliability,andlargestartingtorque,highefficiencywasdeveloped.Therefore,itwasappliedinmanyfieldssuchastractiondrive,generalindustrial,andhouseholdappliancesetc.However,duetothedoublesalientstructureofswitchreluctancemotorwhichcausednonlinearityofthemagneticcircuitandsaturationeffectaswellasthespecialpowersupplypattern,comparedwiththetraditionalmotorthevibrationandnoiseissignificant.Thisfeaturegreatlylimitedtheapplicationofswitchreluctancemotortomorefields.Therefore,inordertoachievethebetterdynamicandstaticperformancefortheswitchreluctancemotor,howtoreducethetorquerippleandnoisehasbecomethehotspotofthefutureresearchofswitchreluctancemotoranditscontrolsystem.Firstly,accordingtotheoperatingmechanismoftheswitchreluctancemotor,athree-phase6/4poleswitchreluctancemotoristakenastheanalysismodel,thetorquecharacteristicsisanalyzedbyutilizingtheANSOFTMaxwellmodule.Secondly,intheoptimizationmodel,therotorpolearccoefficientandsub-slotonthesurfaceofrotoraretakenasthedesignvariables,thetorquerippleandaveragetorquearetakenastwoobjectivefuncti