医学英文词汇小结-LungCancer-chapter64页PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT9肺癌相关英文词汇小结Chapter64LungCancer肺癌1.Lungcancer/Lungcarcinomas肺癌2.solidtumororiginatingfrombronchialepithelialcells来源于支气管内皮细胞的实体肿瘤3.Nonsmallcelllungcancer(NSCLC)非小细胞肺癌4.smallcelllungcancer(SCLC)小细胞肺癌5.naturalhistories自然病程6.responsestotherapy治疗有效7.Lungcarcinomasarisefromnormalbronchialepithelialcellsthathaveacquiredmultiplegeneticlesionsandarecapableofexpressingavarietyofphenotypes肺癌来源于支气管上皮细胞，这些细胞在后天产生了多种基因缺陷，并且表现出多种表型。8.Activationofprotooncogenes原癌基因激活9.inhibitionormutationoftumorsuppressorgenes抑癌基因抑制或突变10.productionofautocrinegrowthfactors自分泌产生生长因子11.cellularproliferation细胞增殖12.malignanttransformation恶性转化13.overexpressionofc-KITinSCLC小细胞肺癌细胞c-KIT过表达14.epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor(EGFR)inNSCLC非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体15.affectdiseaseprognosis影响疾病预后16.Cigarettesmokingisresponsiblefor∼80%oflungcancercases80%的肺癌是由于吸烟导致的17.exposuretorespiratorycarcinogens暴露于呼吸道致癌物18.asbestos石棉19.Benzene苯20.geneticriskfactors基因风险因素21.historyofotherlungdiseases其他肺部疾病病史22.chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease[COPD]慢性阻塞性肺病23.asthma哮喘24.ThemajorcelltypesareSCLC(∼15%ofalllungcancers),adenocarcinoma(∼50%),squamouscellcarcinoma(<30%),andlargecellcarcinoma.肺癌主要的类型包括小细胞肺癌（15%），腺癌（50%），鳞癌（<30%）及大细胞肺癌。25.ThelastthreetypesaregroupedtogetherandreferredtoasNSCLC.后三类（腺癌、鳞癌、大细胞癌）统称为非小细胞肺癌26.Themostcommoninitialsignsandsymptoms最常见的早期体征和症状27.Cough咳嗽28.Dyspnea呼吸困难29.chestpain胸痛30.Discomfort不适31.Hemoptysis咯血32.exhibitsystemicsymptoms呈现出全身症状33.Anorexia厌食34.Disseminateddisease转移性疾病35.neurologicdeficitsfromCNSmetastases由于神经系统转移造成的神经功能障碍36.bonepain骨痛37.pathologicfracturessecondarytobone由于骨转移造成的病理性骨折38.liverdysfunctionfromhepaticinvolvement肝转移造成的肝功能障碍39.Paraneoplasticsyndromes副癌综合征40.Cachexia恶液质41.Hypercalcemia高钙血症42.syndromeofinappropriateantidiuretichormonesecretion抗利尿激素不当分泌综合征43.Cushing’ssyndrome.库欣综合征44.underlyingmalignancy造成一切症状的肿瘤45.Ches