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风扇有助减少婴儿猝死AnewstudybyresearcherswithKaiserPermanenteNorthernCaliforniasuggestsasimplestrategyforreducingtheriskofsuddendeathofinfantsintheirsleep:turningonafanatnight.Thestudy'sfindings,basedondatacollectedfromnearly500mother-and-childpairsinCaliforniabetween1997and2000,indicatethattheuseofafaninaninfant'sroommayreducethelikelihoodofsuddendeathby72%.Butthedatasuggestthattheprotectiveeffectappliesmostlytobabiesinpoorsleepingenvironments—thosewhoareputtobedinoverheatedroomsorontheirstomach.TheNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD)issuedastatementinresponsetothestudy,publishedOct.6intheArchivesofPediatrics&AdolescentMedicine,warningthat"thatthereisnosubstituteforthemosteffectivemeansknowntoreducetheriskof[suddeninfantdeathsyndrome,or]SIDS:alwaysplacinginfantsforsleepontheirbacks."TheNICHD'sfederallyfunded"BacktoSleep"campaign,whichadvocatesforputtingbabiestosleepface-up,hashelpedreducethenationalSIDSdeathrate56%,from1.2deathsper1,000livebirthsin1992to.53deathsper1,000livebirthsin2003.Inadditiontoplacingbabiesontheirbackstosleep,pediatriciansrecommendthatparentsusefirmmattressesforbabies,avoidsoftbeddingsuchascomfortersandquilts,putbabiesintheirowncribsatnight,keepinfantsfromoverheatingandrefrainfromsmokingduringpregnancyandinfancy.Indeed,thestudy'sauthorssaythatcaretakerswhofollowedestablishedsafetyguidelineswerelesslikelyoveralltosufferthesuddendeathofachild,comparedwiththosewhotendednottotakethesameprecautions.Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenfanswereusedintheabsenceofotherenvironmentalriskfactors—thatis,whenparentsalreadyhadothersafeguardsinplace—ithadnosignificantadditionalimpactontheriskofSIDS."Ifthebabywasalreadyinagoodsleepingenvironment,therewasn'tverymuchchancetheywere'rebreathing,'"saysDr.De-KunLiofKaiserPermanente'sDivisionofResearchandaco-authorofthestudy,referringtothere-inhalationofcarbondioxidethatisassociatedwithsuddenunexplaineddeath."Soit'snotsurprisingthataddingafan,ornot,didn'tmakethatmuchdifference."Thebenefitofafanbecameapparent,
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