会计学ThemotherofAmericanPoetry.WilliamDeanHowellswrotethat“ifnothingelsehadcomeoutofourlifebutthisstrangepoetry,weshouldfeelthatintheworkofEmilyDickinson,America,orNewEnglandrather,hadmadeadistinctiveadditiontotheliteratureoftheworld,andcouldnotbeleftoutofanyrecordofit.”Twentieth-centurycriticHaroldBloomhasplacedheralongsideWaltWhitman,WallaceStevens,RobertFrost,T.S.EliotandHartCraneasamajorAmericanpoet.Bornin1830inAmherst,MassachusettsShewasthesecondofthreechildreninherfamilyShenevermarried.Inherfamilylibrary,shehadaccesstomanyreligiousworksaswellasbooksbyEmerson,othertranscendentalistsandcurrentmagazines.PoemsbyEmilyDickinsonpublishedin1890,altogether1775poems.Onlysevenofherpoemspublishedwhenshewasalive.ShesentpoemstoThomasWentworthHigginson,aliterarycriticandfamilyfriend.Herecognizedhertalent,buttriedto“improve”them,whichmadeDickinsonloseinterest.Onlysevenofherpoemshadbeenpublished.Shehadnotwrittenforfameinherlifetime.Afterherdeathherpoemswere“discovered”accidentallybyhersister,whothenrequestedMrs.M.L.ToddandHigginsontoeditthem.In1950HarvardUniversitybroughtallhercopyright,andfiveyearslaterthecompleteworksofthepoetwaspublished.Dickinsonwas“rediscovered”inthetwentiethcentury.Emilyisalwayspaintedasayoungwomaninwhite,closetedintheupperroomsofherhome,isolatednotonlyfromherneighborsandfriends,butalsofromthehistoricalandculturaleventstakingplaceoutsideherdoor.Emily’sfatherdiedin1878,hernephewGilbertdiedin1883andbothCharlesWadsworthandEmily’smotherdiedin1882.ThemesofherpoemsHermasterpiecesBecauseICouldnotStopforDeath因为(yīnwèi)我不能停下来等待死神或毋宁说，他走过我们身旁寒露降，身子冻得打颤——因为我的长衫落纱般——我的披肩如丝网——我们停步在一所房子前，那似乎是隆起的土地一片(yīpiàn)屋顶几乎看不见——屋檐在地里面——离那时已是几个世纪过了还不到一天，我首次猜测到，马头在朝向永恒奔窜。Inthefirstlinethepersonaistoobusyandtoosatisfiedasshelivesherlifetobothtostopforthegentleman’scall,but,throughhiskindnessandconsideration,sheiscompelledatlasttogowithhim.Inthethirdline,thedramaticsceneissetinthecarriage.Thesituationisoneofintimacy—“theCarriageheldbutjustOurselves.”Thefirstli