会计学脊柱Thevertebralcolumn脊柱(jǐzhù)consistsof24vertebrae,thesacrum,andthecoccyx.一、Vertebrae椎骨Thereare33vertebraeinchildren,arrangedasfollows:Cervicalvertebrae颈椎(jǐngzhuī)C.7Thoracicvertebrae胸椎T.12Lumbarvertebrae腰椎L.5Sacralvertebrae骶椎S.5sacrum骶骨Coccygealvertebrae尾椎Co.3~4coccyx尾骨GeneralfeaturesofvertebraeRegionalvariationsofvertebraeAtypicalvertebeaeAxis枢椎(C2):distinguishedbydens齿突whicharticulateswithdentalfoveaofanteriorarchofatlasCarotidtubercle:颈动脉结节(jiéjié):anteriortubercleoftransverseprocessofC6Vertebraprominens隆椎(C7):containslongandnon-bifidspinousprocess,itisvisiblewithneckflexed,usedasclinicallandmarkincountingcervicalandthoracicspinousprocessesThoracicvertebraeLumbarvertebraeSacrum二、ArticulationsofVertebrae椎骨(zhuīgǔ)的连结1.Jointsofthevertebralbodies椎体(zhuītǐ)间的连结Anteriorlongitudinalligament前纵韧带(rèndài)Herniaofnucleuspulpous髓核脱出(tuōchū)2.Jointsofthevertebralarches椎弓间的连结(liánjié)三、Atlantooccipitaljoint寰枕关节(guānjié)四、Atlantoaxialjoint寰枢关节(guānjié)Supportedbyligamentsapicalligamentofdens齿突尖韧带(rèndài)alarligament翼状韧带(rèndài)transverseligamentofatlas寰椎横韧带(rèndài)tectorialmembrane覆膜Action―allowatlas(andhead)topivotontheaxisandvertebralcolumn五、NormalCurvesofvertebralcolumn/六、MovementofthevertebralcolumnflexionextensionlateralflexionrotationcircumductionSpinabifidacystica感谢您的观看(guānkàn)。