山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000,31(4):403~407JournalofShandongAgriculturalUniversity(NaturalScience)食物含水量及饲养密度对家蝇生长发育的影响¹赵俊兴1,杜明策2,魏永平2(11西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨陵712100;21西北农林科技大学植保学院,陕西杨陵712100)摘要:试验结果表明,用不同含水量的豆渣饲养家蝇,其卵孵化率、幼虫存活率、幼虫期、化蛹率、幼虫体重等均有明显差异,在供试食物含水量为50%~90%时,以食物含水量70%~80%最有利家蝇的生存和体重增长。在不同的饲养密度下,幼虫体重、幼虫期、化蛹率等均有明显差异,随着饲养密度的增大、幼虫体重体长减小、幼虫期延长、化蛹率降低,体重与饲养密度之间的关系符合Logistic方程W=K/ea-rQ(W为幼虫重、Q为饲养密度,K为环境容量)。以豆渣和麦麸为家蝇幼虫培养基质时,最佳养殖密度范围分别为18~35头/g和20~30头/g。关键词:家蝇;食物含水量;饲养密度;生长发育中图分类号:Q969145318文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-2324(2000)04-0403-05EFFECTOFFOODWATER-CONTENTANDFEEDINGDENSITYONDEVELOPMENTOFHOUSEFLYZHAOJun-xing1,DUMing-ce2,WEIYong-ping2(11CollegeofAgricultural,NorthwestSci-TechUniversityofAgricultureandForestry,YanglingShanxi712100;21CollegeofPlantProtection,NorthwestSci-TechUniversityofAgricultureandForestry,YanglingShanxi712100)Abstract:Theexperimentshowedthattheeggvateofhatchability,liveabilityoflarva,larveperiod,pu-pateandlarvaweightareremarkablydifferentafterthehouseflywasfedwithbeandregofdifferentwater-content,whenthewatercontentofthefoodwas50%~90%,thefoodwith70%~80%ofwatercontentwasthemostfavorableforhouseflytoliveandincreaseitpsweight1Theweightofthelarva,larveperiodandpupatewerealsogreatlydifferentwhenthefeedingdensitywasdifferent,withtheincreaseofthefeedingdensity,decreaseoflarvapsweightandbodylength,prolongingofthelarvaperiod,decreaseofthepupate,therelationshipbetweenweightandfeedingdensitymetthelogisticequation:W=K/ea-rQ(W:standsforweightoflarva,Q:feedingdensity,K:environmentalcapacity)1Whenthebeandregandwheatblanastheculturemediaofhouseflylarva,thepotimalrangeforfeedingdensitywas18~35housefly/gand20~30housefly/grespectively1Keywords:housefly;water-contentoffood;feedingdensity;development苍蝇是双翅目蝇科成员的统称,种类极其繁多,目前世界范围内人工饲养的种类为Muscadomesti-caL1自1969年以来,美国、前苏联、日本、英国等许多国家先后开展了用禽畜粪便等养殖家蝇幼虫的研究工作。美国、韩国等还建立了家蝇工厂,开发蝇蛆蛋白,作为人类和其它动物需要的营养蛋白,我国在70年代开展了有关研究并取得了较大成果,其生产技术已可用于工厂化生产。雷朝亮、鲁汉平12,32等以麦麸为饲养基质,对基质的不同含水量对家蝇生长发育及生存率的影响作过研究报道,胡广业、张文忠172对不同生态条件下家蝇的生存度和繁殖力