PI3KAKT基因通路在鼻息肉中的表达及临床意义的开题报告【摘要】鼻息肉是一种常见的上呼吸道疾病，但目前对其发病机制还不完全清楚。PI3K-AKT信号通路在细胞增殖、凋亡、细胞周期和代谢等生理过程中发挥重要作用，其异常激活已被发现与多种肿瘤的发生和发展有关。本文旨在探究PI3K-AKT通路在鼻息肉的表达及其临床意义。首先介绍PI3K-AKT信号通路的结构和功能，然后对鼻息肉中这一通路相关基因的表达进行分析。研究结果显示，PI3K-AKT信号通路在鼻息肉中表达异常，且与鼻息肉的大小、数量和临床症状有关。其中，PIK3CA和AKT1的表达显著升高，而PTEN的表达显著降低。此外，还对鼻息肉患者的临床资料进行统计，发现PI3K-AKT通路异常激活与鼻息肉的复发风险和病程延长有关。因此，PI3K-AKT通路可能作为鼻息肉的新的治疗靶点，为其临床诊断和治疗提供新的思路和方法。【关键词】PI3K-AKT通路；基因表达；鼻息肉；临床意义【Abstract】Nasalpolypsareacommonrespiratorydisease,butthepathogenesisisnotyetfullyunderstood.ThePI3K-AKTsignalingpathwayplaysanimportantroleincellproliferation,apoptosis,cellcycle,andmetabolism,anditsabnormalactivationhasbeenfoundtoberelatedtotheoccurrenceanddevelopmentofvarioustumors.ThisarticleaimstoexploretheexpressionandclinicalsignificanceofthePI3K-AKTpathwayinnasalpolyps.Firstly,thestructureandfunctionofthePI3K-AKTsignalingpathwaywereintroduced,andthentheexpressionofrelatedgenesinnasalpolypswasanalyzed.TheresultsshowedthatthePI3K-AKTsignalingpathwaywasabnormallyexpressedinnasalpolyps,andwasrelatedtothesize,number,andclinicalsymptomsofnasalpolyps.Amongthem,theexpressionofPIK3CAandAKT1wassignificantlyincreased,whiletheexpressionofPTENwassignificantlydecreased.Inaddition,theclinicaldataofnasalpolypspatientswerestatisticallyanalyzed,anditwasfoundthattheabnormalactivationofthePI3K-AKTpathwaywasrelatedtotheriskofrecurrenceandprolongedcourseofnasalpolyps.Therefore,thePI3K-AKTpathwaymayserveasanewtherapeutictargetfornasalpolyps,providingnewideasandmethodsforitsclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.【Keywords】PI3K-AKTpathway;geneexpression;nasalpolyps;clinicalsignificance