老师：这次修改后比较稳定了，值都在x=0附近。%产生初始种群pop，共a个个体，每个个体编码长度为bfunctionpop=initate(a,b)pop=round(rand(a,b));%通过number函数将个体编码转化为十进制并落在区间内functionx=number(pop)[a,b]=size(pop);pop1=zeros(a,b);forj=1:bpop1(:,j)=pop(:,j).*2^(b-j);endpop1=sum(pop1,2);x=(pop1.*20)./2^b-10;%计算个体适应值functionfit=fitness(x)fit=-x.^2;%通过选择/交叉/变异产生新的种群functionnewpop=new(pop,pm,pc)[a,b]=size(pop);newpop=pop;x=number(pop);fit=fitness(x);fitvalue=fit/sum(fit);pw=fitvalue(1);ps=sort(rand(a));new=1;fori=1:aifps(i)<pwnewpop(I,:)=pop(new,:);elsenew=new+1;pw=pw+fitvalue(new);endendfori=1:aifrand<pcpoint=round(rand*(b-1)+1);newpop(i,1:point)=pop(a-i+1,1:point);newpop(a-i+1,1:point)=pop(i,1:point);endendfori=1:aifrand<pmpoint=round(rand*(b-1)+1);newpop(i,point)=1-pop(i,point);endend%主函数cleara=30;b=10;pc=0.6;pm=0.0001;pop=initate(a,b);x=number(pop);fit=fitness(x);[yy,xx]=max(fit);besty=yy;bestx=x(xx);forN=1:200newpop=new(pop,pm,pc);x=number(newpop);fit=fitness(x);[yy,xx]=max(fit);ifbesty<yybesty=yy;bestx=x(xx);endpop=newpop;endbestxbesty=-besty多次运行的结果：>Untitled2bestx=0.1172besty=0.0137>>Untitled2bestx=0besty=0>>Untitled2bestx=0besty=0>>Untitled2bestx=0besty=0>>Untitled2bestx=-0.0195besty=3.8147e-04