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TheIntroductionofAT89C51DescriptionTheAT89C51isalow—power,high-performanceCMOS8—bitmicroputerwith4KbytesofFlashprogrammableanderasablereadonlymemory(PEROM)、ThedeviceismanufacturedusingAtmel’shigh-densitynonvolatilememorytechnologyandispatiblewiththeindustry-standardMCS—51instructionset、Theon—chipFlashallowstheprogrammemorytobereprogrammedin-systemorbyaconventionalnonvolatilememoryprogrammer、Bybiningaversatile8—bitCPUwithFlashonamonolithicchip,theAtmelAT89C51isapowerfulmicroputerwhichprovidesahighly—flexibleandcost-effectivesolutiontomanyembeddedcontrolapplications、FunctioncharacteristicTheAT89C51providesthefollowingstandardfeatures:4KbytesofFlash,128bytesofRAM,32I/Olines,two16—bittimer/counters,one5vectortwo—levelinterruptarchitecture,afullduplexserialport,one—chiposcillatorandclockcircuitry、Inaddition,theAT89C51isdesignedwithstaticlogicforoperationdowntozerofrequencyandsupportstwosoftwareselectablepowersavingmodes、TheIdleModestopstheCPUwhileallowingtheRAM,timer/counters,serialportandinterruptsystemtocontinuefunctioning、ThePower—downModesavestheRAMcontentsbutfreezestheoscillatordisablingallotherchipfunctionsuntilthenexthardwarereset、PinDescriptionVCC:Supplyvoltage、GND:Ground、Port0Port0isan8-bitopen-drainbi—directionalI/Oport、Asanoutputport,eachpincansinkeightTTLinputs、When1sarewrittentoport0pins,thepinscanbeusedashigh-impedanceinputs、Port0mayalsobeconfiguredtobethemultiplexedaddress/databusduringaccessestoexternalprogramanddatamemory、InthismodeP0hasinternalPull-upresistor、Port0alsoreceivesthecodebytesduringFlashprogramming,andoutputsthecodebytesduringProgramverification、ExternalPull-upresistorsarerequiredduringProgramverification、Port1Port1isan8-bitbi-directionalI/OportwithinternalPull—upresistors、ThePort1outputbufferscansink/sourcefourTTLinputs、When1sarewrittentoPort1pinstheyarepulledhighbytheinternalPull—upresistorsandcanbeusedasinputs、Asinputs,Port1pinsthatareexternallybeingpulledlowwillsourcecurrent(IIL)becauseoftheinternalPull-upresistors、Port1alsore