曼昆《经济学原理》costs_production--(汉魅HanMei—经.ppt
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曼昆《经济学原理》costs_production--(汉魅HanMei—经.ppt

曼昆《经济学原理》costs_production--(汉魅HanMei—经.ppt

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5FIRMBEHAVIORANDTHEORGANIZATIONOFINDUSTRY13TheMarketForcesofSupplyandDemandWHATARECOSTS?WHATARECOSTS?TotalRevenue,TotalCost,andProfitTotalRevenue,TotalCost,andProfitCostsasOpportunityCostsEconomicProfitversusAccountingProfitEconomicProfitversusAccountingProfitFigure1EconomicversusAccountantsTable1AProductionFunctionandTotalCost:HungryHelen’sCookieFactoryPRODUCTIONANDCOSTSTheProductionFunctionTheProductionFunctionFigure2HungryHelen’sProductionFunctionTheProductionFunctionFromtheProductionFunctiontotheTotal-CostCurveTable1AProductionFunctionandTotalCost:HungryHelen’sCookieFactoryFigure3HungryHelen’sTotal-CostCurveTHEVARIOUSMEASURESOFCOSTFixedandVariableCostsFixedandVariableCostsTable2TheVariousMeasuresofCost:ThirstyThelma’sLemonadeStandFixedandVariableCostsFixedandVariableCostsAverageCostsTable2TheVariousMeasuresofCost:ThirstyThelma’sLemonadeStandFixedandVariableCostsMarginalCostMarginalCostThirstyThelma’sLemonadeStandFigure4ThirstyThelma’sTotal-CostCurvesFigure5ThirstyThelma’sAverage-CostandMarginal-CostCurvesCostCurvesandTheirShapesFigure5ThirstyThelma’sAverage-CostandMarginal-CostCurvesCostCurvesandTheirShapesCostCurvesandTheirShapesFigure5ThirstyThelma’sAverage-CostandMarginal-CostCurvesCostCurvesandTheirShapesCostCurvesandTheirShapesFigure5ThirstyThelma’sAverage-CostandMarginal-CostCurvesTypicalCostCurvesBigBob’sCostCurvesFigure6BigBob’sCostCurvesFigure6BigBob’sCostCurvesTypicalCostCurvesCOSTSINTHESHORTRUNANDINTHELONGRUNCOSTSINTHESHORTRUNANDINTHELONGRUNFigure7AverageTotalCostintheShortandLongRunEconomiesandDiseconomiesofScaleFigure7AverageTotalCostintheShortandLongRunSummarySummarySummarySummary