207例经纤维支气管镜确诊肺癌的临床特点分析的开题报告题目：207例经纤维支气管镜确诊肺癌的临床特点分析摘要：目的：探讨207例经纤维支气管镜确诊肺癌的临床特点。方法：回顾性分析2015年至2018年某医院207例经纤支镜确诊肺癌患者的临床资料，比较各种类型肺癌的发病率、性别、年龄、吸烟史、症状、病理类型、临床分期、治疗方式及预后。结果：207例患者中，男性143例，女性64例，男女比例为2.2：1，平均年龄64.2岁。他们中有161例（77.8％）吸烟史。最常见症状为咳嗽、咳痰和喘息。肺癌病理类型以腺癌最多（136例，65.7％），其次为鳞癌（53例，25.6％）。肺癌的临床分期以Ⅲ期最多（77例，37.2％），其次为Ⅱ期（56例，27.1％）。治疗方式主要包括手术切除、放疗、化疗或它们的组合。5年生存率为37.3％，1年生存率为66.6％。结论：肺癌的临床特点包括男性更易感染、患者年龄较大、吸烟史较久、常见症状为咳嗽、咳痰和喘息。腺癌是最常见的病理类型，Ⅲ期是肺癌的主要分期。手术切除、放疗、化疗或它们的组合是常用的治疗方式。生存率较低，需进一步改善预后。关键词：肺癌；纤维支气管镜；病理类型；临床分期；预后Abstract:Objective:Toexploretheclinicalcharacteristicsof207casesoflungcancerdiagnosedbyfiberopticbronchoscopy.Methods:Aretrospectiveanalysisoftheclinicaldataof207patientswithlungcancerdiagnosedbyfiberopticbronchoscopyinahospitalfrom2015to2018wascarriedout.Theincidence,gender,age,smokinghistory,symptoms,pathologicaltype,clinicalstage,treatmentandprognosisofvarioustypesoflungcancerwerecompared.Results:Ofthe207patients,143weremaleand64werefemale,withamale-to-femaleratioof2.2:1andameanageof64.2yearsold.Amongthem,161patients(77.8%)hadahistoryofsmoking.Themostcommonsymptomswerecough,sputumproduction,andwheezing.Adenocarcinomawasthemostcommonlyobservedpathologicaltype(136cases,65.7%),followedbysquamouscellcarcinoma(53cases,25.6%).StageIIIwasthemostcommonclinicalstage(77cases,37.2%),followedbystageII(56cases,27.1%).Treatmentoptionsincludedsurgicalresection,radiotherapy,chemotherapyortheircombination.The5-yearsurvivalratewas37.3%,andthe1-yearsurvivalratewas66.6%.Conclusion:Theclinicalcharacteristicsoflungcancerincludeahigherincidenceinmales,beingmorecommoninelderlypatients,longersmokinghistory,andthepresenceofsymptomssuchascough,sputumproduction,andwheezing.Adenocarcinomaisthemostcommonpathologicaltype,andstageIIIisthemainclinicalstage.Surgicalresection,radiotherapy,chemotherapyortheircombinationarecommonlyusedtreatmentoptions.Thesurvivalrateislowandrequiresfurtherimprovement.Keywords:lungcancer;fiberopticbronchoscopy;pathologicaltype;clinicalstage;prognosis.