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一、MultipleChoice单选题（每个空2分，共40分）1.TuringMachineis(C).A.theveryfirstelectroniccomputerB.thefirstgeneral-purposecomputerC.anabstractmathematicalmodelD.thefirstcommercialcomputerThetransistorwasusedtomakethemainprocessingcomponentinthehardwareinthe(B)generationofcomputer.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth3.Incomputingdisciplinewealwaysanalyseproblemsbyremovingcomplexityanddetails,leavingonlythenecessaryinformation.Thismentalthinkingwayis(D).A.engineeringB.top-downdesignC.simplicityD.abstraction813isnotanumberin(C)numbersystem.A.hexadecimalB.decimalC.octalD.12-baseTheinformationinrealworldisoften(A)whilecomputercanonlyrepresent(D)information.Thisisalimitationofcomputing.A.analogB.decimalC.binaryD.digital6.Thefollowingareaudioformatsexcept(C).A.mp3B.wavC.gifD.auEnglishisrepresentedin(D)characterset.ASCIIB.UnicodeC.neitherASCIInorUnicodeD.eitherASCIIorUnicode8.Imagescanberepresentedin(C).raster-graphicsformatB.vector-graphicsformatC.eitherAorBD.neitherAnorBThemostfundamentaloperationsperformedbycomputerhardwareis(D).logicalfunctionssuchasNOT,ANDandORarithmeticoperationssuchasaddition,subtractionandmultiplicationinstructionssuchasload,storeandprocessonoroffofanelectricalflowIna(A)circuit,theinputvaluesexplicitlydeterminetheoutput.combinationalB.sequentialC.S-RlatchD.register11.SmallstorageareainCPUiscalled(A).A.registerB.memoryC.diskD.ROM12.ThevonNeumannarchitecture’stwoprimarycomponentsareits(B),whichstoresbothinstructionsanddata,anditsprocessor,whichprovidesoperationsformodifyingthecontentsofthememory.A.controlunitB.memoryC.input/outputdevicesD.secondarystoragedevices13.ImperativeprogramminglanguagesareabstractionsoftheunderlyingvonNeumanncomputerarchitecture.Thecentralfeaturesofimperativelanguagesarevariables,whichmodelthememorycells;and(A),whichmodeldatatransmittedfrommemorytotheCPU.A.assignmentstatementsB.BooleanexpressionsC.conditionalstatementsD.loopingstatements14.Object
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