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DraftNISTWorkingDefinitionofCloudComputingAuthors:PeterMellandTimGrance6-1-09NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,InformationTechnologyLaboratoryNote1:Cloudcomputingisstillanevolvingparadigm.Itsdefinitions,usecases,underlyingtechnologies,issues,risks,andbenefitswillberefinedinaspiriteddebatebythepublicandprivatesectors.Thesedefinitions,attributes,andcharacteristicswillevolveandchangeovertime.Note2:Thecloudcomputingindustryrepresentsalargeecosystemofmanymodels,vendors,andmarketniches.Thisdefinitionattemptstoencompassallofthevariouscloudapproaches.DefinitionofCloudComputing:Cloudcomputingisamodelforenablingconvenient,on-demandnetworkaccesstoasharedpoolofconfigurablecomputingresources(e.g.,networks,servers,storage,applications,andservices)thatcanberapidlyprovisionedandreleasedwithminimalmanagementeffortorserviceproviderinteraction.Thiscloudmodelpromotesavailabilityandiscomposedoffiveessentialcharacteristics,threedeliverymodels,andfourdeploymentmodels.EssentialCharacteristics:On-demandself-service.Aconsumercanunilaterallyprovisioncomputingcapabilities,suchasservertimeandnetworkstorage,asneededautomaticallywithoutrequiringhumaninteractionwitheachservice’sprovider.Ubiquitousnetworkaccess.Capabilitiesareavailableoverthenetworkandaccessedthroughstandardmechanismsthatpromoteusebyheterogeneousthinorthickclientplatforms(e.g.,mobilephones,laptops,andPDAs).Locationindependentresourcepooling.Theprovider’scomputingresourcesarepooledtoserveallconsumersusingamulti-tenantmodel,withdifferentphysicalandvirtualresourcesdynamicallyassignedandreassignedaccordingtoconsumerdemand.Thecustomergenerallyhasnocontrolorknowledgeovertheexactlocationoftheprovidedresourcesbutmaybeabletospecifylocationatahigherlevelofabstraction(e.g.,country,state,ordatacenter).Examplesofresourcesincludestorage,processing,memory,networkbandwidth,andvirtualmachines.Rapidelasticity.Capabilitiescanberapidlyandelasticallyprovisionedtoquicklyscaleupandrapidlyreleasedtoquicklyscaledown.Totheconsumer,the
