初中英语语法讲解：英语基本句型(S+V+Cs)主谓补2010-11-19来源：网络[字号：大中小]英语基本句型有五个：S+V,S+V+Cs,S+V+O,S+V+Oi+Od,S+V+Od+Co,其共有特征是主谓结构(S+V)。句子成分主要有四种：主语S、谓语动词V、补语(主语补语Cs，宾语补语Co)和宾语(直接宾语Od，间接宾语Oi)。●Pattern2(S+V+Cs)1.此句型的“V”是连系动词，“Cs”是主语补语，或称表语。充当主语补语的有名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、动词V-ing形式或V-ed形式、不定式及名词性从句等，如：MyfirstnameisBill.Lifeiscolorful.Seeingisbelieving.Ourbeliefisthatthingswillimprove.2.常见的连系动词有下列几类：a.表示“判断”：be;b.表示“变得”、“成为”：become,come,go,fall,get,grow,prove,turn等;c.表示“保持着某一状态”：hold,keep,lie,remain,rest,sit,stay等;d.表示“看起来”、“好像”：appear,look,seem等;e.表示“实感”：feel,sound,taste,smell等。e.g.SheisateacherandIamadoctor.Springcomesandalltreesturngreen.Hestayedawakeallnight.Youdon’tlookhappy,what'sthematter?Theirplansoundswonderful.初中英语语法讲解：英语基本句型(S+V+Od+Co)2010-11-19来源：网络[字号：大中小]●Pattern5(S+V+Od+Co)该句型中，谓语动词虽有宾语，但句子意义仍不完整，需加补语“Co”补足其意义。充当宾语补语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语及分词等，如：Wecallhimafool.Wefoundthehouseempty.Ourneighborsbuilttheirwallhigh.Webelieveyoutobeanhonestman.Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.常用的这类动词有：appoint,believe,call,catch,choose,consider,declare,elect,fancy,feel,find,hear,imagine,judge,keep,know,leave,make,name,need,prefer,prove,see,select,suppose,think,vote等。NounClause(名词从句)名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语等从句。它们可以由下列连词引导：从属连词that,whether,if;连接代词who(ever),whom,whose,what(ever),which(ever);连接副词when,where,why,how,howmuch/many/long/often等[1]初中英语语法讲解:英语基本句型(S+V+Oi+Od)主谓直宾间宾2010-11-19来源：网络[字号：大中小]Pattern4(S+V+Oi+Od)1.此句型的“V”称为双宾及物动词，其后需跟间接宾语“Oi”(通常指人)和直接宾语“Od”(通常指物或事)。2.此类动词大都具有给与的意义，常见的有allow,assign,award,bring,buy,cause,choose,fetch,find,get,give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,post,promise,read,recommend,refuse,render,return,sell,send,show,sing,take,telephone,touch,tell,throw,wish,write等，如：Igavehimthebook.I’llreturnyouthedictionarysoon.3.有时间接宾语可移至直接宾语之后，但要加相应的介词如“to”，“for”，“of”等，试比较：Bettygaveherdaughteranapple.→Bettygaveanappletoherdaughter.Fatherboughthimabike.→Fatherboughtabikeforhim.Heaskedmeaquestion.→Heaskedaquestionofme.初中英语:英语基本句型(S+V+O)主谓宾2010-11-19来源：网络[字号：大中小]Pattern3(S+V+