Chapter2InternalCombustionEngine2.12.1PrinciplePrincipleofofOperationOperationEngineEngineOverallOverallMechanicsMechanicsnCrankshaftandConnectingrodssystem曲柄连杆机构nValvesystem配气机构nFuelsystem供给系nIgnitionsystem点火系nStartingsystem起动系nCoolingsystem冷却系nLubricationsystem润滑系AutomotiveEngineeringEnglishChapter2InternalCombustionEngineExhaustExhaustEngineEngineTermsTermsInletInletvalvevalvevalvevalveTDC（TopDeadCenter）:pistonpistonTDCthepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisfarthestconnectingconnectingBDCawayfromthecrankshaft.rodrodBDC（BottomDeadCenter）:thepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisnearestawayfromthecrankshaft.crankcrankAutomotiveEngineeringEnglishChapter2InternalCombustionEngine缸径Sweptvol.（有效/工作容积）:borethevolumebetweenTDCClearanceandBDC.TDCvolumeClearancevol.（余隙/燃烧室容积）:活塞Swept行程volumethevolumeofspaceabovethestrokepistonwhenitisatTDC.BDCEnginecapacity（排量）:thisisthesweptvolumeofallcylinders.Compressionration（压缩比）:(sweptvol.+clearancevol.)/(clearancevol.)AutomotiveEngineeringEnglishChapter2InternalCombustionEngineTheTheFour-strokeFour-strokeSpark-ignitionSpark-ignitionEngineEngineCycleCycle1.Intake/Inductionstroke进气行程2.Compressionstroke压缩行程3.Powerstroke作功行程4.Exhauststroke排气行程Qu.1:DescribethefouroperatingstrokesinEnglish.AutomotiveEngineeringEnglishChapter2InternalCombustionEngineEnergyEnergyandandPowerPower1)Enginesusedinautomobilesareinternalcombustionheatengines.Theyconvertthechemicalenergyofthegasolineintoheatwithinapowerchamberthatiscalledacombustionchamber.Heatenergyreleasedinthecombustionchamberraisesthetemperatureofthecombustiongaseswithinthechamber.Theincreaseingastemperaturecausesthepressureofthegasestoincrease.Thepressuredevelopedwithinthecombustionchamberisappliedtotheheadofapistontoproduceausablemechanicalforce,whichisthenconvertedintousefulmechanicalpower.AutomotiveEngineeringEnglishChapter2InternalCombustionEngineEngineEngineTermsTerms2)Linkingthepistonby