WritingintheSciencesModule2.1:Usetheactivevoice1Useactivevoice“Subjectverbobject”“Subjectverbobject”“Subjectverbobject”“Subjectverbobject”orjust…“Subjectverb”2Whatisthepassivevoice?„Object-Verb-SubjectorjustObject-Verb„Classicexample:“Mistakesweremade.”„Passiveverb=aformoftheverb“tobe”+thepastparticipleofthemainverb„Themainverbmustbeatransitiveverb(thatis,takeanobject).3“tobe”verbs„Is•couldbe„Are•shallbe•shouldbe„Was•willbe„Were•wouldbe•maybe„Be•mightbe„Been•mustbe•hasbeen„Am4ThepassivevoiceHowdoyourecognizethepassivevoice?Object-Verb-SubjectORjust…Object-Verb5Example:passivevoiceObjectMyfirstvisittoBostonwillalwaysberememberedbyme.SubjectVerbActive:IwillalwaysremembermyfirstvisittoBoston.From:StrunkandWhite,TheElementsofStyle6Example:passivevoiceSheisloved.ÆWhichevokesthequestion,“Who’slovingher?”Pastparticipleofatransitiveverb:tolove(directobject).Thedirectobjectoftheverb.Formof“tobe”She’snotthesubjectsinceshe’snottheonedoingtheloving.7Example:passivevoice"Cigaretteadsweredesignedtoappealespeciallytochildren."vs."Wedesignedthecigaretteadstoappealespeciallytochildren.”Responsibleparty!8Passivevs.activevoiceToturnthepassivevoicebacktotheactivevoice:Ask:“Whodoeswhattowhom?”9UseactivevoicePassive:Byapplyingahighresolution,90degreebendingmagnetdownstreamofthelaserelectroninteractionregion,thespectrumoftheelectronbeamscouldbeobserved.ÆActive:Wecouldobservethespectrumoftheelectronbeamsbyapplyingahighresolution,90degreebendingmagnetdownstreamofthelaserelectroninteractionregion.10UseactivevoicePassive:Generaldysfunctionoftheimmunesystemhasbeensuggestedattheleukocytelevelinbothanimalandhumanstudies.ÆActive:Bothhumanandanimalstudiessuggestthatdiabeticshavegeneralimmunedysfunctionattheleukocytelevel.11UseactivevoicePassive:Increasedpromoteroccupancyandtranscriptionalactivationofp21andothertargetgeneswereobserved.ÆActive:Weobse