混合和共混：传统的、独特的和创新的方法上海北京顺德(翻译和整理)文章来自于塑料产业论坛（HYPERLINK"http://www.plas2006.com"www.plas2006.com）英文原载plasticstechnology（上海北京顺德email：HYPERLINK"mailto:jiazhiliao@263.net"jiazhiliao@263.net；手机13806218340）第一部分：翻译MixingandCompounding:Classic,ExoticandInnovativeWaysSpecialChem-Oct4,2010MichelBironIntroductionMixingisthefirststepofplasticsprocessingallowingtoprepareplasticformulationsbycompoundingoneorseveralpolymer(s)andadditives.Therearedifferentcriticalcriteriatoachieveaconvenientblendofthedifferentrawmaterials,mainlythegoodincorporationofadditives,theirrightdistributionanddispersionaccordingtotheprovidedconditions.Mixingisthebaseofasuccessfulendproduct.Ifmixingisn'tproperlycarriedouttheothermanufacturingstepscan'tcompensateforit.Butwhatismixingexactly?Apartfromclassicbatchmixing,ininternalmixersorrollermills,andcontinuousmixinginmachinesderivedfromextruders,someinnovativewaysaredevelopingtocompleteandenhancetheeffectsofconventionalmixersortoexploitnewtechniquessuchas,forexamplechaoticmixingorSolid-StateShearPulverization(SSSP).Regardlessoftheusedmachine,itisalsoessentialtooptimizethemixingscenariotoobtainthemaximumsatisfaction.Todaydesperatemixingcasescanbeconsideredasbadmemory.引言混炼是塑料加工的第一步，它通过将一种或几种聚合物与助剂共混而制备塑料共混物。要达到不同原材料的方便掺混，有不同的关键要求，主要是在现有条件下要求良好的助剂添加、适当的分布和分散。混炼是制造成功的终端产品的基础。如果混炼不到位，其它的制造步骤是无法弥补的。但是，混炼的确切含义是什么呢？除了在密炼机和开炼机中的间歇式混以及在挤出机中的连续混炼炼外，还开发了一些创新的方法来完善和强化传统混炼机的效能，或者开发了一些工艺，诸如混沌混炼或固体剪切研磨（SSSP)。不管所用的设备如何，基本还是优化混炼方案，以获得最满意的效果。而今，单一追求混炼的情形被看做是坏的习惯。Mixing:Fromoldwaystowardnew,innovativeandrevolutionaryconceptsTheoldestandmostcommonsenseofmixingistheaccurateincorporation,theregulardistributionanddispersionofingredientsinapolymermatrixthankstomechanicalandthermalmeanstomakeahomogeneouscompoundatamicro-scale.Apartmechanicalmixing,someothermethods,usedinparticularcases,leadtothesamepropertiesthanksto,forexampleadsorptionofanadditivesolutionintothepolymermatrixfollowedbyanefficientdrying.Mixingbyabsorptionofdyeorcuringagentsolutionsfollowedbyaneffi