归纳类常用词汇：原因和结果：reason(for),result;cause(of),effect;consequence异同点与优缺点：difference,similarity；advantage/benefit,disadvantage功能：function观点与态度：opinion,view(on/about),viewpoint,idea；attitudeto/towards评论、评价：comment(on),remark(on/upon),assessment表方式、方法：means,way,method(of);solution,approach(todoingsth.);takemeasurestodosth.目的：purpose,aim,goal积极和消极：positive,negative;optimistic建议：advice[u],suggestion,tip概括、总结:summary,conclusion特点：feature,characteristic种类：kind,type,category,class精神上与身体上：mentally，physically影响:influence,impact,effect(on)情形，状况:situation，condition建立：build,create,establish,found出现：appear,occur(red)实现，完成：reach,realize,accomplish必要，必需:must/necessity方面，项目条款：item/aspect材料:materials知识消息：knowledge/information日程计划:schedule/agenda百分比：percentage性别:sex年龄:age满意:satisfaction忧虑，担忧，焦急:concernworry,anxiety(不)熟悉:familiar/unfamiliar个人，个人的:individual细节:description,detail文化:culture责任:(take)responsibility贡献:(make)contributionsto重要:valueimportancesignificance比较:contrastcomparison时期:period/time存在:existenceexist花费:cost/expense人口:population天气与气候:weather[u]/climate[c]位置:location主题:theme背景:setting，background情节:plot高潮:climax结尾:ending反对者与支持者：supporter,opponent转换类常用句型：1.100years=1century=10decades2.takeadvantageof=makeuseof3.parentalattention=withthehelp/aid/assistanceofparents4.opposethemove=beagainstthemove=objectto=disagreewith5.consider…=take…intoconsideration/account6.atthebeginning=atfirst7.beresponsiblefor=take/shoulder/bearresponsibilityfor8.sincethebeginningofhumanevolution=throughouthumanhistory9.Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportunities.=Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecades,seekingabetterjob./searching/lookingforabetterjob.10.housing-relatedreasons=reasonsrelated/linked/relevantto/connectedwithhousing11.takeanactivepartin=takepartinsth.actively12.encourageparticipationinquietactivities=encouragechildrentoparticipatein/takepartin/playaroleinquiteactivities13.behookedonheadphones=beaddicte