初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句动词用原形一般现在时三人称单数-s/es动词用过去时一般过去时Be―was/werebegoingto＋V原一般将来时will/shall+V原表示经常性的动作或状态Everyoftenalwayson天in一般-s?es辅have----has月、季、节、年。音＋y---ies/In1998一般/去e双写go-wentcome-came/辅＋y结尾－do-didleave-left等iedGocomeleavestayfly等用进行表将来一般去e双写tiedielie?+ing变ie为y加ingHegoestoschooleveryday.Ioftenhavelunchathome.Hewrotealetteryesterday.Istudiedhardlastyear.Areyougoingtoread?Heiscomingtomorrow.Tomiswritingnow.Theyarelyingonthebed.ago/justnow表过去某个、段时间内last/yesterday等动作及状态在将来某个时间或某段时要做的事tomorrow/afternext/tonightin2010现在进行时be＋doinglistenlooknow表此时此刻正进行的动allthetimeDon’t…作或状态含糊的频率现在完成时have/has+PP发生在过去影响在现在词alreadyjustneverever现在完成?have/hasbeen+doing的动作或状态等was/were+doing.过去进行时多用于复合句中had+动过去分词多用于复合句中atthistimeyesterday表在过去某时间正在进lastSundayevening行的动作bythetime＋过去时该动作发生在过去的过whenafterbefore去副分词规则的同不规则的动词的过去分Ihavebeenteachingfor8过去式是一样词需逐个记忆years.的Hehassleptfortwodays.一般去e双写tiedielie?+ing变ie为y加ing规则的分词构需要逐个记忆成与过去时一详见不规则动词表样的HewasreadingatthattimelastFridayWehadlearnt2000wordsbytheendoflastyear.过去完成时语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句过去将来时would+V原形多用宾语从句中过去看来将要发生的动Hesaidthathe…thenextday.作或状态表示两个人、物之间进行比较时than/much/alittlefar/inthetwo等一般/去e双写good/well―better/辅＋y结尾－much/many―moreier一般/去e双写bad/ill/badly-worst/辅＋y结尾－far-farther-farthestiestHesaidthathewouldcomeherethenextday.Sheisthetallinthetwo.HerunsfasterthanTom.Sheisthemostbeautifulinherclass.(最高级加the)比较级形式后--er前加more形容副词名词名词比较用more最高级形式后-est前加most形容副词名词名词比较用most大于等于三个人、物之inthe＋比较范围间进行比较ofthe具体的数字动词不定式作主语作宾语作宾补todo没有人称ToreadishelpfulforHewantstobuyaIhearhimsingyesterday和数的变化anybodynow.dictionary.Tomtoldmetoopenit.作表语作状语作定语HisjobistoHe’llgotoseeadoctorHehasmuchhomeworktakecareoftomorrow.todoeveryday.children.状语从句宾语从句定语从句主从复合句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步比较）句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）HewaswritingaletterwhenIcamein。HeaskedmeifIhadbeentoBeijingbefore.Isawthemanwhowasstealingmybikeyesterday主动结构与被动结构主动语态：主语（人、物）+谓语+宾语WespeakEnglish.动作执行者+及物动词+动作承受者主语谓语宾语被动语态：主语（人、物）+