FeedingStrategiesforProlificSows高产母猪的饲养策略ChangesintheSwineIndustry(1980-2005)养猪工业的变化(1980-2005)FeedModernGenotypesDifferently现代基因型猪饲养与过去的不同ConserveBodyTissue体组织储备ConsequencesofPoorSowNutrition母猪营养缺乏的后果FormulateDietsforSpecificStagesofProduction按生产阶段配制日粮Locomotorproblemsareacommonreasonforcullinganditisimportanttoensureadequateintakesofcalciumandphosphorus.运动问题是造成母猪淘汰的主要原因,但它对保证母猪能摄取足够的钙磷也非常重要。Severalresearchtrialshaveindicatedthatthecalciumandphosphorusrequirementsformaximalbonemineralizationarehigherthantherequirementsformaximalgrowthrate.很多实验研究表明，猪的最大骨质矿化要比最快生长率对钙磷的需要量更高。Inadditiontohigherlevelsofcalciumandphosphorus,thereisantidotalevidencethatsupplementingthegiltdeveloperdietwithhigherlevelsofcopper,zinc,iron,iodineandmanganesewillincreasebodyreservesofthesemineralsandmayenhancefuturereproductiveperformance.后备母猪的日粮除要求额外高水平的钙、磷之外如能再补充高水平的铜、锌、铁、碘、锰微量元素，这将有助于提高母猪体内对这些矿物质的储备从而能改善以后的繁殖表现。TypicalGiltFinisherDeveloper育肥猪后备母猪常量元素Macrominerals(Total)钙Calcium%0.600.75磷Phosphorus%0.500.65有效磷Availphosphorus%0.200.40食盐Salt%0.330.40微量元素Microminerals(Supplemented)铁Ironmg/kg50150铜Coppermg/kg1015锌Zincmg/kg90150碘Iodinemg/kg0.140.28硒Seleniummg/kg0.300.30锰Manganesemg/kg----20Thevitaminneedsofthereproducingfemalearealsogreaterthanthoseoftheterminalanimal.繁殖母猪的维生素需要量比育肥猪高。Thetypicalvitaminpremixusedinthefinishingbarnshouldbereplacedwitha“breeder”vitaminpremix.要用种猪维生素预混料来代替常用育肥猪饲养期的典型维生素预混料。ThebreederpremixshouldcontainelevatedlevelsofthefatsolublevitaminsA,D,andEandthewater-solublevitaminswithspecialattentiontocholine,biotin,pyridoxineandfolicacidwhichareusuallynotsupplementedintypicalfinishingrations.种猪维生素预混料应含高水平的脂溶性维生素A、D、E和水溶性多种维生素，特别注意胆碱、生物素、B6、叶酸这些通常不在育肥猪日粮中添加的维生素。TypicalFinisherGiltDeveloper育肥猪后备母猪VitaminAIU55008200VitaminDIU550825VitaminEIU2566VitaminKmg22VitaminB12ug1525Niacin烟酸mg2020PantothAcid泛酸mg1520RiboflavinB2mg420Choline胆碱mg01250Biotin生物素ug0200FolicAcid叶酸mg01