《庄子》(林语堂翻译).doc
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《庄子》(林语堂翻译).doc

《庄子》(林语堂翻译).doc

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LinYutang'sIntroductiontoChuangtse:MysticandHumoristJesuswasfollowedbySt.Paul,SocratesbyPlato,ConfuciusbyMencius,andLaotsebyChuangtse、Inallfourcases,thefirstwastherealteacherandeitherwrotenobooksorwroteverylittle,andthesecondbegantodevelopthedoctrinesandwrotelongandprofounddiscourses、Chuangtse,whodiedabout275B、C、,wasseparatedfromLaotse'sdeathbynotquitetwohundredyears,andwasstrictlyacontemporaryofMencius、Yetthemostcuriousthingisthatalthoughboththesewritersmentionedtheotherphilosophersofthetime,neitherwasmentionedbytheotherinhisworks、Onthewhole,ChuangtsemustbeconsideredthegreatestprosewriteroftheChouDynasty,asCh'u:Yu:anmustbeconsideredthegreatestpoet、Hisclaimtothispositionrestsbothuponthebrillianceofhisstyleandthedepthofhisthought、ThatexplainsthefactthatalthoughhewasprobablythegreatestslandererofConfucius,andwithMotse,thegreatestantagonistofConfucianideas,noConfucianscholarhasnotopenlyorsecretlyadmiredhim、Peoplewhowouldnotopenlyagreewithhisideaswouldneverthelessreadhimasliterature、Norcanitbesaidtrulythatapure-bloodedChinesecouldeverquitedisagreewithChuangtse'sideas、TaoismisnotaschoolofthoughtinChina,itisadeep,fundamentaltraitofChinesethinking,andoftheChineseattitudetowardlifeandtowardsociety、Ithasdepth,whileConfucianismhasonlyapracticalsenseofproportions;itenrichesChinesepoetryandimaginationinanimmeasurablemanner,anditgivesaphilosophicsanctiontowhateverisintheidle,freedom-loving,poetic,vagabondChinesesoul、Itprovidestheonlysafe,romanticreleasefromthesevereConfucianclassicrestraint,andhumanizestheveryhumaniststhemselves;thereforewhenaChinesesucceeds,heisalwaysaConfucianist,andwhenhefails,heisalwaysaTaoist、Asmorepeoplefailthansucceedinthisworld,andasallwhosucceedknowthattheysucceedbutinalameandhaltingmannerwhentheyexaminethemselvesinthedarkhoursofthenight,IbelieveTaoistideasaremoreoftenatworkthanConfucianism、EvenaConfucianistsucceedsonlywhenheknowsheneverreallysucceeds,thatis,byfollowingTaoistwisdom、TsengKuofan,thegreatConfuciangeneralwhosuppressedtheTaipingRebellion,h