基于光电原理的五轮测速方法的研究易灿摘要：在车辆行驶性能测试中历来采用五轮仪，五轮仪价格适中，在低、中速范围内尚能满足一般的测试需要，其缺点是由于第五轮充气量等原因，轮圈直径有误差，使用前需多次标定，另外当速度高于80公里/小时时，道路的稍许不平会引起轮盘跳动和打滑，从而带来测量误差。五轮仪较重，特别对小型车辆成为一负载，限制了车速，因此五轮仪不能满足小型车辆和高速段的测量要求。为改变此种状况，许多科研人员研制了或正在研制可以取代五轮仪的测速装置。本文提出了一种基于图形芯片实现车载的非接触测速装置的新方法，并且对其研制过程进行了介绍。关键字：PAN101B非接触测速PS/2串行协议AVR单片机IAResearchonFive-WheelSpeedometerBasedonPhotoelectricityTheoryYiCanAbstract:FiveWheelMeterisemployedinthevehicletravelperformancetestforalongtime.it'snotexpensive,anditfullltherequirementofgeneraltestinthelowandmediumvelocityrange.Thebackwardnessisthatthediameterofthefthwheelwillnotsoaccuracyforinationandotherreasons,soitshouldbeadjustedrepeatedlybeforeusing.Additionally,whenthespeedisabove80km/h,theslightlybumpyroadwillmakethewheeljumpingandslid-ing,thiswillbringinerrors.FiveWheelMeterisheary,andwillbealoadofaminicarandalsoalimitofspeedinthetest,sotheFiveWheelMeterisnotsuitablefortheminicarandahighvelocitymeasurement.Forchangingthisbackwardness,theresearchersdevelopedoraredevelopingsomenoveldeviceforreplacingtheFiveWheelMeter.Thispaperintroducedanewmethodforproducingcarriagenon-contactspeedometerwhichbasedontheimagesensor,andgivesadescriptionofthisproject.Keyword:PAN101BNon-contactSpeedometerPS/2SerialProtocolAVRII目录引言.........................................................1第1章非接触测速的一般原理......................................31.1基于多普勒原理.............................................31.1.1激光多普勒测速技术......................................31.2基于图像识别原理...........................................41.2.1梳状光电传感器..........................................41.2.2基于帧间图像比较的方法...................................5第2章光学鼠标原理.............................................72.1工作原理..................................................72.2图形芯片..................................................8第3章AVR单片机及其在Linux下的开发环境..........................103.1AVR单片机的特点...........................................103.2AVR单片机的编程.......................................