基于霍尔传感器的电机转速测量系统设计—硬件设计摘要电动机作为机械化、电气化和自动化的原动机，广泛应用于国民经济建设、国防建设、科学技术研究和人民物质文明生活的各个领域。电机是生产过程中应用十分广泛的装置，对其转速进行准确测量就显得十分必要。本文介绍了霍尔传感器测速的原理，设计了基于单片机STC12C5A60S2的直流电机转速测量系统。完成了电机转速测量系统的硬件电路设计、霍尔传感器测量电路的设计、显示电路的设计。测量转速的霍尔传感器和机轴同轴连接，机轴每转一周，产生一定量的脉冲个数，由霍尔器件电路部分输出幅度为12V的脉冲。经光电隔离器后成为输出幅度为5V转数计数器的计数脉冲。控制定时器计数时间，即可实现对电机转速的测量。在显示电路设计中，通过OCM12864-3实现在LCD上直观地显示电机的转速值。并对电机转速测量系统的硬件电路、显示电路进行了调试。与软件配合，实现了显示、报警功能。仿真实验表明所设计的硬件电路及软件程序是正确的，满足设计要求。关键词：电机转速测量；HYPERLINK"/asp/vipsearch.asp?Query=%BB%F4%B6%FB%B4%AB%B8%D0%C6%F7&Type=K"霍尔传感器；单片机；STC12C5A60S2；OCM12864-3DesignofMotorSpeedMeasurementSystemBasedonHallSensor—HardwareDesignAbstractMotors,astheoriginalmachineofmechanization,electrificationandautomationarewidelyandcommonusedinthevariousareasofconstructionofnationaleconomy,nationaldefense,scienceandtechnologyresearchandmaterialitycivilization.Anditisveryimportantinmanufacturing,measuringitsrotationalspeedbecomesveryessentialandnecessary.TheprinciplesofmotorspeedmeasurementswithhallsensorwasdescribedinthisarticleandDCmotorspeedmeasurementsystemwhichisbasedonSTC12C5A60S2wasdesigned,andthecorrespondinghardwarecircuitdesignswasalsocompletedaccordingly.Thehallsensorisconnectedwithcrankshaftbycoaxialjunction.Everyrevolutionofthecrankshaftwillgenerateacertainamountofpulseswhoseamplitudeis12v.Theopto-couplerturnsthesecertainamountofpulsesinto5-amplitudecountimpulse.Themotorspeedcanbemeasuredbycontrollingthetime.Inthedesignofdisplaycircuit,thenumberofmotorspeedisdisplayedinLCDdirectlythroughOCM12864-3.Themotorspeedmeasurementsystemandthehardwarecircuits,displaycircuitfunctionaredebuggedtocooperatewiththesoftwaretodisplayandalarmusers.Thesimulationresultshaveprovedthatthehardwarecircuitsdesignandsoftwareprogramiscorrect,andthesystemcanmeetthedesigningrequirementcompletely.KeyWords:MotorSpeedMeasurement;HallSensor;Microcomputer;STC12C5A60S2；LCD目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\uHYPERLINK\l"_Toc247526871"1绪论PAGEREF_Toc247526871\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc247526872"1