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SoftwareArchitectureinIndustrialApplicationsDilipSoni,RobertL.Nerd,andChristineHofmeister{dsoni,rnord,chofmeister}@scr.siemens.comSiemensCorporateResearchInc.755CollegeRoadEast,Princeton,NJ08540AbstractInordertoexaminethepragmaticandconcreteissuesrelatedtotheroleofarchitectureinthedesignanddevel-Tohelpusidentifyandfocusonpragmaticandconcreteopmentoflargesystems,weconductedasurveyofavari-issuesrelatedtotheroleofsoftwarearchitectureinlargeetyofindustrialsoftwaresystemstounderstandsystems,weconductedasurveyofavarietyofsoftwarearchitectureasitispracticedintherealworld.Thesys-systemsusedinindustrialapplications.Ourpremise,whichtemswesurveyedincludedseveralimageandsignalpro-guidedtheexaminationofthesesystems,wasthatsoftwarecessingsystems,areal-timeoperatingsystem,architectureisconcernedwithcapturingthestructuresofacommunicationsystems,andinstrumentationandcontrolsystemandtherelationshipsamongtheelementsbothsystems[9,13,17].ThesesystemsarelistedinTable1.withinandbetweenstructures.ThestructureswefoundfellOurpremise,whichguidedtheexaminationofthesesys-intoseveralbroadcategories:conceptualarchitecture,tems,wasthatsoftwarearchitectureisconcernedwithmoduleinterconnectionarchitecture,codearchitecture,andcapturingthestructuresofasystemandtherelationshipsexecutionarchitecture.Thesecategoriesaddressdifferentamongtheelementsbothwithinandbetweenstructures.engineeringconcerns.Theseparationofsuchconcerns,Followingthispremise,weinterviewedsystemarchitects’combinedwithspecializedimplementationtechniques,anddesigners,andexamineddesigndocumentsandcodedecreasedthecomplexityofimplementation,andimprovedtolookforimportantsystemstructuresandtheiruse.reuseandreconfiguration.DetailsofthesurveyprocessaredescribedinAppendixA.Weobservedthatmostofthesystemsmadeadistinc-1.Introductiontionbetweenarchitecturefortheproduct-specificsoftwareandarchitecturefortheplatformsoftware.Intuitively,theSoftwarearchitecturesdescribehowasystemisdecom-platformsoftwareprovidedavirtualmachineo
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