Unit40CustomsofHalloweenHalloweenisanannualcelebration.Howdidthispeculiarcustomoriginate?Theword"Halloween"comesfromAllHallowsEve.November1,"AllHallowsDay"(or"AllSaintsDay"),isaCatholicdayofobservanceinhonorofsaints.ItwasbelievedthatduringtheperiodfromOct.31throughtoNov.1,theboundariesbetweenourworldandtheworldofthedeadwereweakened,allowingspiritsoftherecentlydeadtocrossoverandhunttheliving.Inordertomakethemselvesandtheirhomeslessappealingtothesespirits,theancientCeltsputoutfireintheirhomestomakethemcoldandundesirable,andbuilthugescaredbonfires,wherethepeoplegatheredtoburncropsandanimalsassacrificestoGods.Duringthecelebration,theCeltsworecostumes,typicallyconsistingofanimalheadsandskins,andattemptedtotelleachother'sfortune.Whenthecelebrationwasover,theyrelittheirhearthfiresfromthesacredbonfirestohelpprotectthemduringthecomingwinter.Theyalsodressedupinoddcostumesandparadethroughtheirvillagestoscareoffanyrecentlydepartedsoulswhomightbesearchingforbodiestoinhabit.Howdidthecustomof"trick-or-treat"comeintobeing?OnNov.2,earlyChristianswouldwalkfromvillagetovillagebeggingfor"soulcakes",madeoutofsquarepiecesofbreadwithcurrants.Themoresoulcakesthebeggarsreceived,themoreprayerstheywouldpromisetosayonbehalfofthedeadrelativesofthedonors.Theprayers,itwasbelieved,couldaccelerateasoul'spassagetoheaven.Thepractice,oncereferredtoas"going-a-souling"waseventuallytakenupbychildrenwhowouldvisitthehousesintheirneighborhoodandbegivenapples,bunsormoney.DuringthePioneerdaysoftheAmericanWest,thehousewiveswouldgivethechildrencandytokeepfrombeingtricked.Thechildrenwouldshout"TrickorTreat!"TheJack-o'-lanterncustomcomesfromIrishfolklore.Jack,anotoriousdrunkard,trickedSatanintoclimbingatree.Jackthencarvedanimageofacrossinthetreetrunk,trappingthedevilupthetree.Jackmadeadealwiththedevilthat,ifhewouldnevertempthimwithalcoholagain,hewouldlethimdownthetree.AfterJackdied,hewasdeniedentrancetoHellbecausehehadtrickedthedevil.Instead,thedevilgavehimahollowed-outturnips,withanemberinside,tolighthiswa