Intonation(语调(yǔdiào))/tune(调子)TwotranscriptionsystemsofEnglishintonation:Thesecondsystem:strokes(笔画(bǐhuà))andlines"thestressedsyllableoftheimportantword(=stressedcontent[orsometimesfunction]word)%thestressedsyllablebeforethefirstimportantword,orrightafterthefall.èthefall™theriseæâthefall-riseUtterancesUtterancesUtterancesThefallingtune(降调(jiànꞬdiào))3.Ifthereismorethanonewordinthewordgroup(e.g.Therewere"so"many"peopleèèèètherewithher.),(1)thestressedsyllableofthefirstimportantwordisthehighestinpitch(句中第一个关键词的重读音节的音高最高).(2)thestressedsyllableofthenextimportantwordisalittlelowerthanthepreviousoneinpitch(第一个关键词重读音节之后，其他关键词的重读音节，其音高依次递降).(3)allthefollowingunstressedsyllablesareonthesamepitchwiththepreviousimportantword(每两个关键词重读音节之间的非重读音节的音高，和前面一个重读音节的音高相同(xiānꞬtónꞬ)).(4)allsyllablesbeforethefirstimportantwordarelow(第一个关键词重读音节之前的所有音节都声调低平).(5)allsyllablesafterthelastimportantwordarelow(最后一个关键词重读音节之后的所有音节都声调低平).(6)thefalloccursatthelaststressedsyllable(在最后一个关键词重读音节上降调)总之，降调的特点是头(第一个关键词重读音节之前)尾(最后一个关键词重读音节之后)低平，第一个关键词重读音节音调最高，在最后一个关键重读音节上降调，中间各关键词的音高按楼梯(lóutī)状递降。图示：Fallingtune:Youneedn'thavetoldhim.______________________________________________________IntonationMarking:FallingtuneIt's↘MINE.ItwasNINEO'↘CLOCK.IwasinLONDONon↘SUNDAY.He'sSTUDYING↘FRENCH.ShewasGOINGA↘WAY.We'llGOfora↘WALK.HeWANTSsome↘BEEF.I'mafraidI↘CAN'T.STARTDOINGit↘NOW.COMEtothe↘BLACKBOARD.WRITEitTO↘MORROW.WHOisCOMINGto↘DINNER?WHOisGIVINGusa↘TALK?WHENwillyoube↘READY?WHATwouldyou↘LIKE?WHEREaretheKIDS↘STAYING?WHYareyouLEAVINGinsucha↘HURRY?HOWwasthe↘WEEKEND?WHOSEBOOKareyou↘READING?WHICHBUSdidyou↘TAKE?Therisingtune(升调(shēnꞬdiào))Risingtune:Youneedn'thavetoldhim.______________________________________________________IntonationMarking:RisingtuneAreyou↗HUNGRY?Arethey↗NEWhere?Wouldyou↗LIKEsome?CanI↗SIThere?Arethey↗COMING?WeretheyLATElast↗NIGHT?DoyouWORKforthe↗NEWS?DoyouWORKinthe↗EVENING?DidIHEARyouCOR↗RECTLY?AreyouLOOKINGfora↗CAR?CanITRYit↗OUT?DidyouDOiton