S1B期末英语语法复习PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT4复合句——名词性从句名词性从句根据从句在主句中所充当的成分，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句常用连词：that,whether,以及wh-词。通常以陈诉语序表达。引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语的that不充当从句的成分，只起连接作用，不省略。引导宾语从句的that不充当成分，但可省略。e.g：Thatshewonagoldmedalinthecontestgreatlycomfortedher.(主语从句)Myconcerniswhetherwecanbenefitfromthenewregulations(表语从句)注：1.that从句不能充当介词宾语（除固定搭配，如：inthat,exceptthat,butthat）e.g：Heoftenthinksofhowhecandomoreforthecommunity(how不能改成that)It作为形式宾语或形式主语★★nomatterXX&XXever"nomatter+疑问词"或"疑问词+后缀ever"。大体区别：例如：Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.不管发生什么，他不在意。替换：nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however主要注意两者的区别：nomatter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。(错）Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.（对）Whateveryousayisofnousenow.你现在说什么也没用了。（Whateveryousay是主语从句）★考点：Whatever和nomatterwhat等引导从句时的用法区别：whichever/who(m)ever/whatever等既可引导让步壮语从句又可以引导名词性状语从句nomatterwhat/who(m)/which只可以引导让步状语从句e.g：1.whatever/Nomatterwhathappened,hemanagedtostaycalm2.Hewassohungerthathewouldeatwhateverwasfoundinthecave(此句中nomatterwhat不能替换whatever)由where,wherever引导的地点状语从句）where可以用来引导定语从句，而wherever一般只能用于引导状语从句e.g：Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshehadlostit.HehasdeterminedtoworkwhereverheisneededmostWhoever和whomever引导名词性从句用法区别：whoever引导名词性从句时，相当于anyonewho，常常充当从句的主语。Whomever具有类似的用法，whomever充当从句的宾语。e.g：Shehopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterests.WhoeverhashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraisingWhomeveryouchoosewillbeallrightwithme同位语从句修饰or说明一个抽象n.一般由that引导的从句是同位语从句常见先行词：answer,knowledge，problem,evidence,explanation,feeling,doubt,decision,information，news，opinion,sayinge.g:Youhavetofacethefactthatwehaverunoutofmoney注意点：that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别that引导定语从句时，关系代词that在句中充当主语、表语、宾语（可省略）等成分。That引导同位语从句时，不可省略