欧洲文化入门复习题.doc
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欧洲文化入门复习题.doc

欧洲文化入门复习题.doc

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《欧洲文化入门》复习题(一)DivisionOne:GreekCultureandRomanCultureGreekCulture填空Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement、Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury、Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB、C、,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon、In146B、C、theRomansconqueredGreece、Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury、Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebeetheworld’sforemostamateursportspetition、AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics、TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy、TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca、OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar、SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece、Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes、ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides、AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon、SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone、EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen、edyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB、C、、ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds、Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”、HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians、ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily、Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers、Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics、Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen、ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle、Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmaterialistsandspeculatedabouttheatomicstructureofmatt