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AreYourProjectsFailingBecauseofGroupDynamics?ByDavidBohl"Ifyou'reworkinginabiggroup,you'refightinghumannature."SosaysNathanZookinarecentarticlefor37Signals.Infact,theresearchshowsthatthemosteffectiveandefficientprojectgroupstendtobeintherangeof8to14people.ReferringtoareportonbusinessauthorAntonyJay'sbook,TheCorporationMan,ZooksaysthattheidealgroupsizehashistoricallyhoveredaroundwhatJaycallsa"ten-group."Applecallsthesegroups"2-pizzateams,"meaningthattheentireteamcanbefedwithtwopizzas-mostoftheirbestproductshavebeentheresultof2-pizzateams.Withinagroupthatsize,decisionsaremadequicklyandcollectively,effortisevenlydistributedandactionsarehighlymobileandquicklymaneuverable.Letthegroupgetlargerthanthat,however,anditgetsunwieldy.Decisionshavetobeformallydiscussedinaseriesofmeetings,asmembersofalargergroupareoftenoutoftheloop.Somemembersmayslackofforhavetheirvoicesdrownedoutbyothermorecharismaticmembers.Eventually,largergroupsdevolveintocliquesandothersubgroupsasthegroupdynamictriestoequalizeitselfaroundtheideal,slowingtheworkandstymieingprogress.Whetheryou'releadingaprojectteamatwork,organizingachurchcommitteeorstartingapoliticalactiongroup,youshouldkeepthisdynamicinmindwhenchoosingyourteam.Butwhatisit,exactly,thatmakesaten-groupsuchaneffectivesize?Andhowcanyousuccessfullystaffyourteamforbesteffect?Hereareafewfactorsyoushouldbeawareof:Thevalueofindividualcontributions.Groupsintheidealrangeencourageeveryonetomakeacontribution,andallowthosecontributionstobepowerfulandcreaterealresults.Theypermiteveryone'svoicetobeheard.Bychoosingadiversevarietyofparticipants-whetherculturally,personallyorprofessionally-youmaximizethisdynamicbygettingthebenefitofabroadrangeexperience,wisdomandideas.Inalargergroup,however,voicescangetlostortrampledoverbyotherswithstrongerpersonalitiesorthosetryingtohogthespotlight.Whichbringsustothesecondpoint...Equalrecognition.Inasmallergroup,everyoneworksasacohesiveteamandsharesinthesuccessorfailure.Bycreatingagroupt
